| 영문 | learning | 한글 | 학습 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 연습 및 경험의 결과로, 행동에 나타나는 반영구적인 변화를 가리키는 일반적 용어. 행동의 변화는 관찰할 수 있는 현상으로서 특히 이를 수행(performance)이라고 부르는 경우가 있는데, 그러한 경우에 그 현상의 배후에 가설적으로 구성된 습득(acquisition)의 과정을 지칭하게 된다. |
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| 영문 | learning disorder | 한글 | 학습장애 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 지능은 정상이지만 듣기, 말하기, 읽기, 쓰기, 추리 또는 계산능력에 심각한 문제가 나타나는 여러 장애들을 일컫는 용어. 이로 인해 학업성적 및 자신감 저하, 대인관계에서도 사교 능력이 미숙하여 일상생활의 모든 면에서 문제가 나타난다. 성인기 사회적응력에도 영향을 미칠 수 있으며, 행동장애, 주의력결핍, 과잉운동장애, 우울장애 등과 동반되어 나타날 수 있다. 그 유병률은 낮게는 1.7%, 높게는 30% 정도로 추정하고 있지만 학동기 아동의 약 3~9%가 이 장애를 갖고 있는 것으로 알려져 있다. 기초학습기능검사를 통하여 진단한다. 학습의 기회나 교육적인 자극이 부족한 경우, 집중력 부족, 우울증-불안 등 정서적 문제, 신경학적 이상에 의한 경우 등이 원인일 수 있다. 학습과 관련이 있는 뇌기능과 연관된 특정영역에 결함이 있거나 발육지연 또는 장애가 있는 경우도 원인이 된다. 또한 부모가 조기에 자녀의 능력과 적성을 잘 알지 못하는 경우에도 많이 생긴다. |
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| ACLD | Association for Children with Learning Disabilities |
|---|---|
| HELP | Hawaii early learning profile; Health Education Library Program; Health Emergency Loan Program; Heal... |
| LD | labor and delivery; laboratory data; labyrinthine defect; lactate dehydrogenase; laser Doppler; lear... |
| ADA | adenosine deaminase; American Dental Association; American Dermatological Association; American Diab... |
| ICIDH | International Classification of Impairments, Disabilities, and Handicaps |
| LD | Learning Disabilities |
|---|---|
| JAMA | Journal of the American Medical Association |
| NEJM | New England Journal of Medicine |
| ADA | American with Disabilities Act |
| DASH | Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand |
| journal article | The predominant publication type for articles and other items indexed for nlm databases. (12 Dec 1998) |
|---|---|
| developmental disabilities | Disorders in which there is a delay in development based on that expected for a given age level or stage of development. These impairments or disabilities originate before age 18, may be expected to continue indefinitely, and constitute a substantial impairment. Biological and nonbiological factors are involved in these disorders. (12 Dec 1998) |
| International Classification of Impairments Disabilities and Handicaps | A WHO-sponsored numerical taxonomy of the impairments, disabilities and handicaps consequent upon injury and disease. (05 Mar 2000) |
| association learning | The principle that items experienced together enter into a connection, so that one tends to reinstate the other. (12 Dec 1998) |
| avoidance learning | A response to a cue that is instrumental in avoiding a noxious experience. (12 Dec 1998) |
| machine learning | This is the study of how to create computers that will learn from experience and modify their activity based on that learning (as opposed to traditional computers whose activity will not change unless the programmer explicitly changes it). This discipline is a sub-set of Artificial Intelligence. (09 Oct 1997) |
| paired-associate learning | Learning in which the subject must respond with one word or syllable when presented with another word or syllable. (12 Dec 1998) |
| verbal learning | Learning to respond verbally to a verbal stimulus cue. (12 Dec 1998) |
| maze learning | Learning the correct route through a maze to obtain reinforcement. It is used for human or animal populations. (12 Dec 1998) |
| passive learning | Learning without a direct attempt. Synonym: passive learning. (05 Mar 2000) |
| reversal learning | Any situation where an animal or human is trained to respond differentially to two stimuli (e.g., approach and avoidance) under reward and punishment conditions and subsequently trained under reversed reward values (i.e., the approach which was previously rewarded is punished and vice versa). (12 Dec 1998) |
| rote learning | The learning of arbitrary relationships, usually by repetition of the learning procedure through memorization and without an understanding of the relationships. (05 Mar 2000) |
| complex learning processes | Those process's that require the use of symbolic manipulations, as in reasoning. (05 Mar 2000) |
| probability learning | Usually refers to the use of mathematical models in the prediction of learning to perform tasks based on the theory of probability applied to responses; it may also refer to the frequency of occurrence of the responses observed in the particular study. (12 Dec 1998) |
| problem-based learning | Instructional use of examples or cases to teach using problem-solving skills and critical thinking. (12 Dec 1998) |
제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
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제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
|---|