| acetic acid | <chemical> The acid most commonly associated with vinegar, it is the most commercially important organic acid and is used to manufacture a wide range of chemical products, such as plastics and Acetobacter but, except for making vinegar, is usually made through synthetic processes. Derivatives of acetic acid which may be formed by substitution reactions. Mono- and di-substituted, as well as, halogenated compounds have been synthesised. Experimentally, alpha- and n2- substituted acetic acids have been examined for their anti-inflammatory activity and effect on the central nervous system respectively. Additionally, limited exposure data has been collected on dibromo and dichloroacetic acids to determine whether they pose health effects. Synonym: ethanoic acid. (26 Jun 1999) |
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| naphthalene acetic acid | <chemical> A synthetic auxin, often used in plant physiology and in plant tissue culture media because it is more stable than IAA. (18 Nov 1997) |
| indole acetic acid | <biochemistry, plant biology> The most common naturally occurring auxin. Promotes growth in excised plant organs, induces adventitious roots, inhibits axillary bud growth, regulates gravitropism. (18 Nov 1997) |
| (2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy) acetic acid | A herbicide and defoliant synthesised by condensation of chloracetic acid and 2,4,5-trichlorophenol, used as the principal constituent of Agent Orange. (05 Mar 2000) |
| (2,4-dichlorophenoxy) acetic acid | A herbicide, more toxic to broad-leaved dicotyledonous plants (weeds) than to monocotyledonous ones (grains and grass), used with (2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy)acetic acid as a constituent of Agent Orange. (05 Mar 2000) |
| 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid | <biochemistry, tumour marker> This is a metabolite of serotonin that is excreted in the urine. Serotonin is a neurotransmitter that is synthesised from the amino acid tryptophan by enterochromaffin cells in the gut and bronchi. It is metabolised to 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid in the liver and then excreted in the urine. Elevations in 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid can indicate carcinoid tumour. The normal range in a 24 hour urine collection is 3 to 15 mg per 24 hours. Acronym: 5-HIAA (13 Nov 1997) |
| hydrocortisone | <chemical> (11 beta)-11,17,21-trihydroxypregn-4-ene-3,20-dione. The main glucocorticoid secreted by the adrenal cortex. Its synthetic counterpart is used, either as an injection or topically, in the treatment of inflammation, allergy, collagen diseases, asthma, adrenocortical deficiency, shock, and some neoplastic conditions. Pharmacological action: steroidal anti-inflammatory agents. Chemical name: Pregn-4-ene-3,20-dione, 11,17,21-trihydroxy-, (11beta)- (12 Dec 1998) |
| hydrocortisone acetate | Hydrocortisone 21-acetate;similar actions and uses as hydrocortisone. Synonym: cortisol acetate. (05 Mar 2000) |
| hydrocortisone cyclopentylpropionate | An ester of hydrocortisone. (05 Mar 2000) |
| hydrocortisone cypionate | The cyclopentanepropionic ester of cortisone, for oral administration. (05 Mar 2000) |
| hydrocortisone hydrogen succinate | A form of hydrocortisone administered intravenously. (05 Mar 2000) |
| hydrocortisone sodium phosphate | Hydrocortisone 21-(disodium phosphate);an anti-inflammatory agent for intravenous or intramuscular administration. (05 Mar 2000) |
| hydrocortisone sodium succinate | A very soluble ester salt of hydrocortisone (cortisol), used parenterally in the management of emergencies resulting from acute adrenal insufficiency. (05 Mar 2000) |
| hydrocortisone, topical | Hydrocortisone that is applied topically as an anti-inflammatory agent. (12 Dec 1998) |
| acetic | <chemistry> Of a pertaining to vinegar; producing vinegar; producing vinegar; as, acetic fermentation. Pertaining to, containing, or derived from, acetyl, as acetic ether, acetic acid. The latter is the acid to which the sour taste of vinegar is due. Origin: L. Acetum = vinegar, fr. Acere to be sour. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |