| neuropathies, hereditary sensory and autonomic | A group of inherited disorders in which there is selective involvement of the peripheral sensory and autonomic neurons and degeneration of fibres by axonal atrophy and degeneration. Five types of disorders have been described and classified type I through type v. (12 Dec 1998) |
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| neuropathies, hereditary motor and sensory | A group of slowly progressive inherited disorders in which the predominant involvement is the peripheral motor neurons with lesser involvement of the peripheral sensory neurons. Neuronal degeneration and atrophy are characteristic of these disorders. Some of the associated characteristics are phytanic acid excess, optic atrophy, and retinitis pigmentosa. (12 Dec 1998) |
| hereditary sensory radicular neuropathy | Neuropathy characterised by the occurrence of severe, relapsing foot ulcerations of neuropathic origin, destruction of terminal digits of feet and hands, and a loss of sensation; autosomal dominant inheritance is associated with onset in the second decade or later. (05 Mar 2000) |
| amyloid neuropathies | Disorders of the peripheral nervous system associated with deposition of amyloid. Amyloid neuropathies may result from non-hereditary or hereditary amyloidosis. Several different forms of familial amyloid neuropathies have been described, most of which have specific mutations in the prealbumin gene. (12 Dec 1998) |
| hereditary deafness and nephropathy | <nephrology, pathology> An inherited disorder involving damage to the kidneys, haematuria and hearing loss. In some individuals vision may also be affected. This genetic disease is uncommon. Symptoms include loss of hearing, abnormal colour to urine, swelling, cough and decline in vision. Inheritance: sex-linked autosomal dominant. Incidence: 1 in 50,000. Origin: Gr. Pathos = disease (27 Sep 1997) |
| autonomic | <physiology> Self controlling, functionally independent. (02 Jan 1998) |
| autonomic agents | Agents affecting the function of, or mimicking the actions of, the autonomic nervous system and thereby having an effect on such processes as respiration, circulation, digestion, body temperature regulation, certain endocrine gland secretions, etc. (12 Dec 1998) |
| autonomic denervation | The removal or interruption of some part of the autonomic nervous system for therapeutic or research purposes. (12 Dec 1998) |
| autonomic disorder | Disorganization of autonomic processes. (05 Mar 2000) |
| autonomic epilepsy | Episodes of autonomic dysfunction presumably due to diencephalic irritation. Synonym: diencephalic epilepsy, vasomotor epilepsy, vasovagal epilepsy. (05 Mar 2000) |
| autonomic fibres, postganglionic | Nerve fibres which project from cell bodies of autonomic ganglia to synapses on target organs. (12 Dec 1998) |
| autonomic fibres, preganglionic | Nerve fibres which project from the central nervous system to autonomic ganglia. In the sympathetic division most preganglionic fibres originate with neurons in the intermediolateral column of the spinal cord, exit via ventral roots from upper thoracic through lower lumbar segments, and project to the paravertebral ganglia; there they either terminate in synapses or continue through the splanchnic nerves to the prevertebral ganglia. In the parasympathetic division the fibres originate in neurons of the brainstem and sacral spinal cord. In both divisions the principal transmitter is acetylcholine but peptide cotransmitters may also be released. (12 Dec 1998) |
| autonomic ganglia | Visceral ganglia. See: autonomic nervous system. (05 Mar 2000) |
| autonomic hyperreflexia | <physiology> An autonomic response that may include hypertension, sweating, bradycardia and severe headache. Autonomic hyperreflexia may occur secondary to an injury to the upper spinal cord, during cystoscopy or with distention of the bladder or colon. (02 Jan 1998) |
| autonomic imbalance | A lack of balance between sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems, especially in relation to the vasomotor disturbances. Synonym: vasomotor imbalance. (05 Mar 2000) |