| 영문 | environmental pollution | 한글 | 환경오염 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 인간활동에 의해 발생하는 대기-수질-토양 오염 및 소음-진동 등으로 자연환경이나 생활환경을 손상시키는 현상. 공장-사업장 등에 생산활동, 자동차-기차-항공기-선박 등의 수송활동, 냉난방-취사-여가선용 등 일상생활을 포함한 각종 인간 활동에 의해 유발되는 인위적인 대기오염- 수질오염-토양오염-소음-진동-지반침하-악취 등의 발생으로 자연환경이나 생활환경을 손상시키고 궁극적으로는 사람의 생활 및 건강에 유해한 영향을 미치는 현상을 말한다. 이는 특히, 산업혁명 이후에 두드러지게 나타났으며, 인간활동이 주어진 환경공간의 고유한 자정능력을 초과할 경우 발생한다. 지금도 공해라고 표현하는 사람이 있으나 현재는 환경오염이라는 용어가 표준용어가 되었다. 공해라는 낱말의 어원은 영국의 공중불법방해에서 비롯되었다고 한다. 그러나 공해라는 말은 주로 일본에서 쓰이고 있을 뿐 국제적으로도 환경오염이라고 한다. |
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| CMM | cell-mediated mutagenesis; cutaneous malignant melanoma |
|---|---|
| MMM | see 3-M [syndrome]; microsome-mediated mutagenesis; myelofibrosis with myeloid metaplasia; myeloscle... |
| AAEM | American Academy of Environmental Medicine; American Association of Electrodiagnostic Medicine |
| ACOEM | American College of Occupational and Environmental Medicine |
| AEMIS | Aerospace and Environmental Medicine Information System |
| STM | Signature-tagged mutagenesis |
|---|---|
| SDM | Site-directed mutagenesis |
| EHC | Environmental Health Criteria |
| EPA | Environmental Protection Agency |
| US EPA | Environmental Protection Agency |
| cassette mutagenesis | The production of mutants within a region (often bounded by unique restriction sites) by the use of synthetic oligonucleotides that fill the gap with mutants designed into the synthetic genetic material. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|---|
| mutagenesis | The development of mutations. (09 Oct 1997) |
| mutagenesis, insertional | Mutagenesis where the mutation is caused by the introduction of foreign DNA sequences into a gene. This may occur spontaneously in vivo or be experimentally induced in vivo or in vitro. Proviral DNA can be inserted into or adjacent to a cellular proto-oncogene. Insertion of the provirus can cause mutations by interrupting coding sequences or regulatory elements, or cause unregulated expression of the proto-oncogene resulting in tumour formation. (12 Dec 1998) |
| mutagenesis, site-directed | Mutagenesis where the mutation is caused by in vitro induction directed at a specific site in a DNA molecule. The most common method involves use of a chemically synthesised oligonucleotide mutant which can hybridise with the DNA target molecule. The resulting mismatch-carrying DNA duplex may then be transfected into a bacterial cell line and the mutant strands recovered. (12 Dec 1998) |
| site-directed mutagenesis | <molecular biology> Any of several methods used to create specific alterations in a gene. (09 Oct 1997) |
| site-specific mutagenesis | <cell culture, molecular biology> An in vitro technique in which an alteration is made at a specific site in a DNA molecule, which is then reintroduced into a cell. Various techniques are used, for the cell biologist, a very powerful approach to determining which parts of a protein or nucleotide sequence are critical to function. (18 Nov 1997) |
| insertional mutagenesis | Generally, mutagenesis of DNA by the insertion of one or more bases. Specific examples: 1. Oncogenesis by insertion of a retrovirus adjacent to a cellular proto-oncogene. 2. A strategy of mutagenesis with transposons. After a round of transposition, progeny are screened by PCR, with transposon and gene specific primers, for the proximity of the transposon sequence to the gene of interest. As PCR can only produce products up to 1-2 kb, a large fraction of progeny identified as positive by PCR will have a transposon close enough to the gene to inactivate or otherwise alter its pattern of expression. (18 Nov 1997) |
| transposon mutagenesis | <molecular biology> Insertion of a transposon into a gene, this inactivates the host gene leading to a mutant phenotype and also confers the phenotype associated with the transposon gene. (09 Oct 1997) |
| air pollutants, environmental | Air pollutants which affect environmental conditions. (12 Dec 1998) |
| carcinogens, environmental | Carcinogenic substances that are found in the environment. (12 Dec 1998) |
| national environmental policy act | A federal law enacted in 1969 that requires all federal agencies to consider and analyse the environmental impacts of any proposed action. NEPA requires an environmental impact statement for major federal actions significantly affecting the quality of the environment. NEPA requires federal agencies to inform and involve the public in the agency's decision making process and to consider the environmental impacts of the agency's decision. (05 Dec 1998) |
| draft environmental impact statement | (DEIS) A draft statement of environmental effects. Section 102 of the National Environmental Policy Act requires a DEIS for all major federal actions. The DEIS is released to the public and other agencies for comment and review. (05 Dec 1998) |
| environmental assessment | (EA) A public document that analyzes a proposed federal action for the possibility of significant environmental impacts. The analysis is required by NEPA. If the environmental impacts will be significant, the federal agency must then prepare an environmental impact statement. (05 Dec 1998) |
| environmental exposure | The exposure to potentially harmful chemical, physical, or biological agents in the environment or to environmental factors that may include ionizing radiation, pathogenic organisms, or toxic chemicals. (12 Dec 1998) |
| environmental health | The science of controlling or modifying those conditions, influences, or forces surrounding man which relate to promoting, establishing, and maintaining health. (12 Dec 1998) |
제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
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제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
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