| maintenance and engineering, hospital | Hospital department whose primary function is the upkeep and supervision of the buildings and grounds and the maintenance of hospital physical plant and equipment which requires engineering expertise. (12 Dec 1998) |
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| christian science | A religion discovered by mary baker eddy in 1866 that was organised under the official name of the church of christ, scientist, that derives its teachings from the scriptures as understood by its adherents, and that includes a practice of spiritual healing based upon the teaching that cause and effect are mental, and that sin, sickness, and death will be destroyed by a full understanding of the divine principle of jesus' teaching and healing. (webster, 3d ed) (12 Dec 1998) |
| cognitive science | The study of the precise nature of different mental tasks and the operations of the brain that enable them to be performed, engaging branches of psychology, computer science, philosophy, and linguistics. (12 Dec 1998) |
| hard science | A field of scientific study which involves precise measurements of observations and well-defined methods for obtaining and interpreting new knowledge. Chemistry and physics are definitely hard sciences, biology, geology, and astronomy also are usually thought of as hard sciences. Psychology, sociology, and anthropology are not, and are considered soft sciences. (09 Oct 1997) |
| science | The study of the material universe or physical reality in order to understand it. This is done by making observations and collecting data about natural events and conditions, then organising and explaining them with hypotheses, theories, models, laws, and principles. The organised body of knowledge about the material universe which can be verified or tested. A particular branch of either the process of study or the body of knowledge, such as astronomy, biology, chemistry, geology, and physics. (09 Oct 1997) |
| National Science Foundation | <organisation> A nonregulatory U.S. Federal agency which has oversight of biotechnology research activities that the agency funds. (09 Oct 1997) |
| information science | The field of knowledge, theory, and technology dealing with the collection of facts and figures, and the processes and methods involved in their manipulation, storage, dissemination, publication, and retrieval. It includes the fields of communication, publishing, library science and informatics. (12 Dec 1998) |
| laboratory animal science | The science and technology dealing with the procurement, breeding, care, health, and selection of animals used in biomedical research and testing. (12 Dec 1998) |
| library science | Study of the principles and practices of library administration and services. (12 Dec 1998) |
| biological engineering | <agriculture> A type of artificial selection, the creation of plant or animal breeds that are agriculturally or industrially useful. Compare: natural selection. (21 Mar 1998) |
| biomedical engineering | <orthopaedics> The use of engineering technology, instrumentation and methods to solve medical problems, such as improving our understanding of physiology and the manufacture of artificial limbs and organs. (21 Mar 1998) |
| biotechnical engineering | Civil engineering methods incorporating organic materials to produce functional structures that are also aesthetically pleasing, provide wildlife habitat, and provide sites for revegetation. (09 Oct 1997) |
| genetic engineering | <molecular biology, technique> General term covering the use of various experimental techniques to produce molecules of DNA containing new genes or novel combinations of genes, usually for insertion into a host cell for cloning. (07 May 1998) |
| genetic engineering technologies | See: recombinant DNAtechnologies. (09 Oct 1997) |
| cellular engineering | <technique> The use of techniques for constructing replacement or additional or experimental parts of cells and tissues for both fundamental investigation and as prosthetic devices. Often involves the interfacing of cells and nonliving structures. (26 Mar 1998) |