| ¿µ¹® | toxin | ÇÑ±Û | µ¶¼Ò |
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| ¼³¸í | »ý¹°Ã¼°¡ ¸¸µé¾î³»´Â µ¶¼º°ú Ç׿ø¼ºÀ» °¡Áø ¹°Áú. µ¶¼Ò¸¦ Àû´çÇÑ µ¿¹°¿¡ ÁÖ»çÇϸé Ç×üÀÎ Ç×µ¶¼Ò°¡ »ý¼ºµÇ°í, ÀÌ Ç×µ¶¼Ò¿Í µ¶¼Ò´Â ƯÀÌÀûÀ¸·Î °áÇÕÇÑ´Ù. ¼¼±Õ¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ ´Ü¹éºÐÇØ»ê¹°·Î ¸Íµ¶¼ºÀ» ¹ßÈÖ³ª´Â °Í¿¡ ¾Æ¹ÎÀÌ ÀÖÀ¸³ª, À̰Ϳ¡´Â Ç׿ø¼ºÀÌ ¾øÀ¸¹Ç·Î µ¶¼Ò°¡ ¾Æ´Ï´Ù. ÀϹÝÀûÀ¸·Î Áßµ¶Áõ»óÀ» ¹ßÇöÇϴµ¥ ÀÏÁ¤ÇÑ ½Ã°£ÀÌ °É¸®¸ç, µ¿¹°¿¡ µû¶ó °¨¼ö¼ºÀÌ ´Ù¸¥ Á¡ÀÌ µ¶¹°°ú ´Ù¸£´Ù. µ¶¼Ò¿¡´Â »ý¹°Ã¼ ¾È¿¡ ¸¸µé¾îÁ® ³²¾Æ ÀÖ´Ù°¡ »ý¹°Ã¼°¡ ÆÄ±«µÇ¾úÀ» ¶§ µ¶¼ºÀ» °®´Â ³»µ¶¼Ò(endotoxins)¿Í »ý¹°Ã¼°¡ ÁÖº¯À¸·Î ¹°ÁúÀ» ºÐºñÇÏ´Â ¿Üµ¶¼Ò(exotoxins)°¡ ÀÖ´Ù. µ¶¼Ò¸¦ ³»´Â »ý¹°Ã¼¿¡ µû¶ó ¼¼±Õ¼º µ¶¼Ò ¿Ü¿¡ µ¿¹°¼º µ¶¼Ò ¹× ½Ä¹°¼º µ¶¼Ò°¡ ÀÖ´Ù. µ¿¹°¼º µ¶¼Ò´Â ´ëºÎºÐ µ¶¼±¿¡¼ ºÐºñµÇ¸ç, ¹ì-Àü°¥-°Å¹Ì-¹ú µîÀÌ ´ëÇ¥ÀûÀÎ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ½Ä¹°¼º µ¶¼Ò·Î´Â ¸®½Å(ricin)-¾Æºê¸°(abrin)-·Îºñ´Ñ(robinin)-Å©·Îƾ(crotin) µîÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù. ¼¼±ÕÀº ÀÎü¿¡ ¿µÇâÀ» ¹ÌÃÄ µðÇÁÅ׸®¾Æ-ÆÄ»ódz-¼ºÈ«¿-°¡½º±«Àú µîÀ» ÀÏÀ¸Å°°í, ¶Ç ¾î¶² ¼¼±Õ°ú ¹ö¼¸·ù´Â »ýÀåÇÒ ¶§ µ¶¼Ò¸¦ ºÐºñ, À̰ÍÀ» ¸ÔÀ¸¸é º¸Åø¸®´©½º Áßµ¶-¸Æ°¢ Áßµ¶ µîÀ» ÀÏÀ¸Å²´Ù. ±× ¹Û¿¡ ¹°°í±â¿¡µµ µ¶¼ºÀ» °¡Áø °ÍÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÎü¿¡´Â µ¶¼Ò°¡ µé¾î¿ÔÀ» ¶§ ±×¿Í °áÇÕÇÏ¿© µ¶¼ºÀ» ÇØµ¶½ÃŰ´Â Ç×µ¶¼Ò°¡ Ç÷û-¸²ÇÁ¾× µî¿¡ »ý±ä´Ù. |
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| ¿µ¹® | test | ÇÑ±Û | °Ë»ç |
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| ¼³¸í | ¾î¶² ´Ù¸¥ ¹°ÁúÀ» °ËÃâ, ÃøÁ¤, »ý¼ºÇϱâ À§ÇÑ Æ¯Á¤ÇÑ ÈÇйÝÀÀÀ» ÀÏÀ¸Å°´Âµ¥ »ç¿ëµÇ´Â ¹æ¹ý. |
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| ¿µ¹® | scratch test | ÇÑ±Û | ³Àý¹ý |
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| ¼³¸í | ÇǺθ¦ ³¯Ä«·Î¿î ¹Ù´Ã·Î ±Ü¾î ÇǺÎÀÇ ¹ÝÀÀÀ» º¸´Â °Ë»ç·Î ÇǺΠ°ú¹Î¹ÝÀÀÀ̳ª ¾Ë·¹¸£±â¸¦ ¾Ë¾Æº¸±â À§ÇÑ °Ë»çÀÌ´Ù. ¹Ù´Ã³¡¿¡ Ç׿øÀ» ¹¯Èù µÚ, ÇǺιØÀ» ±Ü¾î ¹ÝÀÀÀ» ¾Ë¾Æº»´Ù. À̶§ Ç׿øÀÌ ¾Æ´Ñ ´ëÁ¶¹°Áú(¿¹¸¦ µé¾î º¸ÅëÀÇ ¹°)À» ¹¯Èù ¹Ù´ÃÀ» °°ÀÌ ¹ÝÀÀÇÏ¿© ÇǺ馱âÁõ(dermographism) ´ÜÁö ¹Ù´ÃÀÇ ±ÜÈû¸¸À¸·Î ¾Ë·¹¸£±â °°Àº ¹ÝÀÀÀ» ÀÏÀ¸Å°´Â Çö»ó°ú °¨º°ÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ³Ã», û·Â¼Ò½Ç(hearing loss) û°¢ÀÌ ÀúÇÏ ¶Ç´Â »ó½ÇµÈ »óÅÂ. ¿øÀΰú Á¤µµ´Â ¿©·¯ °¡ÁöÀε¥, ³Ã»Àº ±× Á¤µµ°¡ °¡Àå ½ÉÇÑ »óÅÂÀÌ´Ù. û°¢ÀÇ Àüµµ°æ·Î¿¡ Àå¾Ö°¡ ÀÖÀ» ¶§ ³Ã»ÀÌ ÀϾ°í, ±× º´ÅͰ¡ ¿ÜÀ̵µ³ª ÁßÀÌ¿¡ ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀ» ÀüÀ½³Ã», ³»ÀÌ¿¡ ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀ» °¨À½ ³Ã»À̶ó ÇÏ¿© ±¸ºÐÇÑ´Ù. ¶Ç º´ÅÍÀÇ ÀÚ¸®¸¦ ¸í½ÃÇÏ¿© ÁßÀ̼º ³Ã»À̳ª ¹Ì·Î¼º ³Ã» µîÀ¸·Î ¼¼ºÐÇϱ⵵ ÇÑ´Ù. |
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| ¿µ¹® | stool guaiac test | ÇÑ±Û | ´ëº¯ ±¸¾ÆÀÌ¾Ç °Ë»ç |
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| ¼³¸í | ´ëº¯³»¿¡ ÀÖÀ» ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ÀáÇ÷(´«¿¡ º¸ÀÌÁö ¾Ê´Â ÃâÇ÷)À¯¹«¸¦ °Ë»çÇÏ´Â ¹æ¹ýÀ¸·Î, Ç÷±¸³»ÀÇ heme peroxidase¿¡ ÀÇÇØ guaiacÀÌ »êȵǴ ¹ÝÀÀÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© ÃøÁ¤ÇÑ´Ù. ¹æ¹ýÀº 3Àϰ£¿¡ °ÉÃÄ ÇÑ º¯¿¡¼ 2±ºµ¥¾¿ äÃëÇÏ¿© °Ë»çÇÑ´Ù. À§¾ç¼º ¹ÝÀÀ(°ÅÁþÀ¸·Î Ç÷¾×ÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù°í ³ªÅ¸³ª´Â ¹ÝÀÀ)Àº ½Ä¹° °ú»êÈÈ¿¼Ò¸¦ ÇÔÀ¯Çϰí ÀÖ´Â È«´ç¹«ÀÇ ¼·Ã볪 Ç÷±¸ ¼ººÐÀ» ÇÔÀ¯Çϰí ÀÖ´Â °í±â ¼·Ãë µî¿¡¼ ³ªÅ¸³¯ ¼ö ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, À§À½¼º ¹ÝÀÀ(½ÇÁ¦·Î Ç÷¾×Àº ÀÖÁö¸¸, Ç÷¾×ÀÌ ¾ø´Ù°í ³ªÅ¸³ª´Â ¹ÝÀÀ)Àº ȯ¿ø·ÂÀ» °¡Áö°í ÀÖ´Â ºñŸ¹Î CÀÇ º¹¿ë½Ã ³ªÅ¸³¯ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ƯÈ÷ À§¾ç¼º ¹ÝÀÀÀÌ ¸Å¿ì ÈçÇÏ´Ù. |
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| ¿µ¹® | Rorschach Test | ÇÑ±Û | ·Î¸£»þÇÏ °Ë»ç |
|---|---|---|---|
| ¼³¸í | »ç°íÀå¾Ö¿Í Á¤¼Àå¾Ö¿¡ ¹Î°¨ÇÑ Åõ»ç°Ë»ç(projective test). °ËÀº»ö°ú ¸î°¡Áö »öÀ¸·Î ÀÌ·ç¾îÁø À×Å©¾ó·è°°Àº µµÇüÀÌ ±×·ÁÁø 10°³ÀÇ Ä«µå¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÑ´Ù. ÇǰËÀÚ¿¡°Ô Ä«µå¸¦ º¸ÀÌ°í º» °Í¿¡ ´ëÇØ ¸»Çϵµ·Ï ÇÑ´Ù. ´ÙÀ½¿¡´Â ¾ó·èÀÇ ¾î´À À§Ä¡°¡ ÇǰËÀÚ°¡ ¸»ÇÑ Áö°¢´ë»óÀ» ¾Ï½ÃÇÏ´ÂÁö ãµµ·Ï ÇÑ´Ù. ÇǰËÀÚÀÇ ´äº¯À» ºÐ¼®ÇÏ¸é ±×ÀÇ »ç°í¿Í Á¤¼»óÅ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Á¤º¸¸¦ ¾òÀ» ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. |
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| TAT | 1) Thematic Apperception Test; ÁÖÁ¦ Åë°¢ °Ë»ç 2) (Equine) Tetanus Anti-Toxin; Ç×... |
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| CT | calcitonin; calf testis; cardiac tamponade; cardiothoracic [ratio]; carotid tracing; carpal tunnel; ... |
| ET | educational therapy; effective temperature; ejection time; embryo transfer; endothelin; endotoxin; e... |
| TAT | tetanus antitoxin; thematic apperception test; thematic aptitude test; thrombin-antithrombin complex... |
| ST | esotropia; scala tympani; scaphotrapezoid; sclerotherapy; sedimentation time; semitendinosus; sensor... |
| E test | Epsilometer test |
|---|---|
| BT | Botulinum A toxin |
| Botox | Botulinum A toxin |
| BoTx | Botulinum Toxin |
| BtxA | Botulinum Toxin A |
| Dick test toxin | A culture filtrate of lysogenised group A strains of beta-haemolytic streptococci, erythrogenic when inoculated into the skin of susceptible persons, and neutralised by antibodies that appear during scarlet fever convalescence; three immunological types (A, B, and C) are recognised. Synonym: Dick test toxin, erythrogenic toxin, scarlet fever erythrogenic toxin. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| Dick test | An intracutaneous test of susceptibility to the erythrogenic toxin of Streptococcus pyogenes responsible for the rash and other manifestations of scarlet fever. Synonym: Dick method. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| Dick, George Frederick | <person> U.S. Internist, 1881-1967. See: Dick method, Dick test, Dick test toxin. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Dick, Gladys | <person> U.S. Internist, 1881-1963. See: Dick method, Dick test, Dick test toxin. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Dick method | An intracutaneous test of susceptibility to the erythrogenic toxin of Streptococcus pyogenes responsible for the rash and other manifestations of scarlet fever. Synonym: Dick method. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Schick test toxin | Corynebacterium diphtheriae toxin diluted so that the inoculated dose (0.1 or 0.2 ml) will contain 1/50 th of guinea pig minimal lethal dose. See: Schick test. Synonym: diagnostic diphtheria toxin. (05 Mar 2000) |
| animal toxin | <pharmacology> Any poisonous substance (including but not limited to venom) produced by an animal. (11 May 1997) |
| anthrax toxin | A culture filtrate of Bacillus anthracis containing an exotoxin with at least three different antigenically distinct components: oedema factor, lethal factor, and protective antigen. Synonym: Bacillus anthracis toxin. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Bacillus anthracis toxin | A culture filtrate of Bacillus anthracis containing an exotoxin with at least three different antigenically distinct components: oedema factor, lethal factor, and protective antigen. Synonym: Bacillus anthracis toxin. (05 Mar 2000) |
| bacterial toxin | Any intracellular or extracellular toxin formed in or elaborated by bacterial cells. (05 Mar 2000) |
| bee toxin | The toxin delivered by a bee sting; contains three active principles: biogenic amines, active peptides, and certain hydrolytic enzymes. (05 Mar 2000) |
| botulinum toxin | <protein> Neurotoxin (50 kD, 7 distinct serotypes) produced by certain strains of Clostridium botulinum. The bacterium produces the toxin as a complex with a haemagglutinin that prevents toxin inactivation in the gut. Proteolysis in the body results in cleavage into two fragments A and B. B binds to gangliosides and may stimulate the endocytosis of fragment A. See: synaptobrevin, tetanus toxin. (18 Nov 1997) |
| botulinum toxin type a | <chemical> A neurotoxin produced by clostridium botulinum. When consumed in contaminated food it can cause paralysis and death. In its purified form, it has been used in the treatment of blepharospasm and strabismus. Pharmacological action: neuromuscular agents. (12 Dec 1998) |
| botulinus toxin | A potent neurotoxin from Clostridium botulinum. Synonym: botulin, botulismotoxin. (05 Mar 2000) |
| botulism toxin | <protein> A toxic byproduct of Clostridium Botulinum that is responsible for the food-borne illness known as botulism. (27 Sep 1997) |
| gamma toxin | <microbiology> Complex toxin (33.4 kD) produced by Staphylococcus aureus. Rabbit erythrocytes are particularly sensitive to lysis by the toxin, but the mechanism is unknown. (18 Nov 1997) |
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