| acceptable daily intake | <pharmacology> This is an estimate of the amount of a substance in food that can be ingested daily over a lifetime by humans without appreciable health risk. The concept of the acceptable daily intake has been developed principally by who and FAO and is relevant to chemicals such as additives to foods, residues of pesticides and veterinary drugs in foods. Acceptable daily intakes are derived from laboratory toxicity data, and from human experiences of such chemicals when this is available, and incorporate a safety factor. The acceptable daily intake is thus an estimate of the amount of a substance in food that can be ingested over a lifetime by humans without significant risk to health (for contaminants in food and drinking water, tolerable intakes - daily or weekly - are used). See: tolerable daily intake. (15 Jan 1998) |
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| activities of daily living | The things we normally do in daily living including any daily activity we perform for self-care (such as feeding ourselves, bathing, dressing, grooming), work, homemaking, and leisure. The ability or inability to perform ADLs can be used as a very practical measure of ability/disability in many disorders. (12 Dec 1998) |
| activities of daily living scale | A scale to score physical activity and its limitations, based on answers to simple questions about mobility, self-care, grooming, etc; widely used in geriatrics, rheumatology, etc. (05 Mar 2000) |
| daily dose | The total amount of a remedy that is to be taken within 24 hours. (05 Mar 2000) |
| tolerable daily intake | TDIs are applied to chemical contaminants in food and drinking water. The presence of contaminants is unwanted and they have no useful function, differing from additives and residues where there is or was deliberate use resulting in their presence. TDIs are calculated on the basis of laboratory toxicity data with the application of uncertainty factors. A TDI is therefore an estimate of the amount of a substance (contaminant) in food or drinking water that can be ingested daily over a lifetime without a significant health risk. (09 Oct 1997) |
| bread pill | A placebo made of bread crumbs or other inactive substances. (05 Mar 2000) |
| pill | The peel or skin. "Some be covered over with crusts, or hard pills, as the locusts." Origin: Cf. Peel skin, or Pillion. 1. To deprive of hair; to make bald. 2. To peel; to make by removing the skin. "[Jacob] pilled white streaks . . . In the rods." (Gen. Xxx. 37) Origin: Cf. L. Pilare to deprive of hair, and E. Pill, n. (above). 1. A medicine in the form of a little ball, or small round mass, to be swallowed whole. 2. Figuratively, something offensive or nauseous which must be accepted or endured. <zoology> Pill beetle, any terrestrial isopod of the genus Armadillo, having the habit of rolling itself into a ball when disturbed. Synonym: pill wood louse. Origin: F. Pilute, L. Pilula a pill, little ball, dim. Of L. Pila a ball. Cf. Piles. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| pill mass | The mixture of drug(s), excipients, diluents and binders with a suitable amount of liquid to form a plastic mass which can be rolled into a long rod and cut into the appropriate number of units for pills to be rolled from. Synonym: pill mass. (05 Mar 2000) |
| pill-rolling | A circular movement of the opposed tips of the thumb and the index finger appearing as a form of tremor in paralysis agitans. (05 Mar 2000) |
| pill-rolling tremor | Resting tremor of the thumb and fingers seen in Parkinson disease. (05 Mar 2000) |
| pill, the | Slang term for oral contraceptive pill. (12 Dec 1998) |
| pill-willet | <zoology> The willet. Origin: So named from its note. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| sleeping pill | <pharmacology> Sedative medications used to promote sleep. The benzodiazepines and barbiturates are commonly used. Examples include: diazepam, flurazepam, triazolam, chlordiazepoxide, secobarbital, amobarbital, talbutal and pentobarbital. (27 Sep 1997) |
| black box | (Jargon) descriptive of a method of reasoning or studying a problem, in which the methods and procedures, as such, are not described, explained, or perhaps even understood: conclusions relate solely to the empirical relationships observed, in some contexts, the term can mean a piece of apparatus or an experimental animal in which the pharmacologic or toxicologic pathway has not yet been worked out. CAAT box, a sequence of nucleotides found in a conserved region of DNA located "upstream" (5' direction) of the start points of eukaryotic transcription units; specific transcription factors appear to associate with it; found in many promoters at -75 bp with the consensus sequence: GG(T/C)CAATCT. Fracture box, an obsolete means of supporting a fractured leg, consisting of a container with only bottom and sides. (05 Mar 2000) |
| box | <molecular biology> Casual term for a DNA sequence that is a characteristic feature of regions that bind regulatory proteins for example homeobox, TATA box and CAAT box. (18 Nov 1997) |