| GMP | A major component of ribonucleic acids. Synonym: guanine ribonucleotide, guanosine 5'-monophosphate. Guanylic acid reductase (GMP reductase), an enzyme that catalyses the reaction of GMP with NADPH producing IMP, NH3, and NADP+; a part of the purine salvage pathway. Guanylic acid synthetase (GMP synthetase), an enzyme catalyzing the reaction of l-glutamine, XMP, and ATP to produce GMP, l-glutamate, AMP, and pyrophosphate; a key step in purine biosynthesis. Acronym: GMP (05 Mar 2000) |
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| GMP reductase | <abbreviation> Guanylic acid reductase. (05 Mar 2000) |
| GMP synthetase | <enzyme> Consider also GMP synthetase (glutamine hydrolysing) EC 6.3.5.2 Registry number: EC 6.3.4.1 (26 Jun 1999) |
| cyclic GMP | <molecular biology> 3'5' cyclic ester of GMP. A second messenger generated by guanylyl cyclase. See: ANP, Nitric oxide. (18 Nov 1997) |
| cyclic GMP-dependent protein kinases | <enzyme> A group of enzymes that are dependent on cyclic GMP and catalyses the phosphorylation of serine or threonine residues of proteins. Registry number: EC 2.7.10.- (12 Dec 1998) |
| cyclic GMP sensitive 3'-exoribonuclease | <enzyme> Degradation of newly synthesised RNA in cells of bacillus brevis is mediated primarily by above enzyme Registry number: EC 3.1.14.- Synonym: cgmp-exoribonuclease (26 Jun 1999) |
| dibutyryl cyclic GMP | <chemical> N-(1-oxobutyl)-cyclic 3',5'-(hydrogen phosphate)-2'-butanoate guanosine. A derivative of cyclic GMP. It has a higher resistance to extracellular and intracellular phosphodiesterase than cyclic GMP. Chemical name: Guanosine, N-(1-oxobutyl)-, cyclic 3',5'-(hydrogen phosphate) 2'-butanoate (12 Dec 1998) |
| 3',5'-cyclic-GMP phosphodiesterase | <enzyme> An enzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis of cyclic GMP to yield guanosine-5'-phosphate. Chemical name: 3',5'-Cyclic-GMP 5'-nucleotidohydrolase Registry number: EC 3.1.4.35 (12 Dec 1998) |
| anovulatory cycle | A sexual cycle in which no ovum is discharged. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Born-Haber cycle | <physics> This is a mathematical description of the relationship between the electron affinity, heats of atomisation, ionisation energy and lattice energy of ionic compounds. (09 Oct 1997) |
| bottoming cycle | A cogeneration system in which steam is used first for process heat and then for electric power production. (05 Dec 1998) |
| brain wave cycle | The complete upward and downward excursion of a single wave, complex, or impulse as seen on an electroencephalogram. (05 Mar 2000) |
| c3 cycle | <biochemistry> The part of the photosynthesis process where carbon dioxide is converted into three-carbon compounds, which can then be turned into six-carbon sugars. (07 Nov 1997) |
| c4 cycle | <plant biology> An alternative, very efficient pathway used by plants living in areas with low levels of carbon dioxide, to convert carbon dioxide into a form usable by the plants during photosynthesis. (09 Oct 1997) |
| Calvin Benson cycle | <biochemistry, plant biology> Metabolic pathway responsible for photosynthetic carbon dioxide fixation in plants and bacteria. The enzyme that fixes carbon dioxide is RuDP carboxylase. The cycle is the only photosynthetic pathway in C3 plants and the secondary pathway in C4 plants. The enzymes of the pathway are present in the stroma of the chloroplast. (18 Nov 1997) |