| 영문 | skull | 한글 | 머리뼈, 두개골 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 머리의 생김새를 외형으로 나타내는 머리의 골격을 이루는 뼈. 사람의 경우 23개가 있는데, 특징은 팔다리의 긴뼈의 일반적 형태와 달리 딱딱한 치밀뼈가 바깥쪽을 이루며 그 사이에 생긴 해면뼈가 존재하는 형태이다. 구성은 뇌를 간직하고 있는 위쪽의 뇌머리뼈와 얼굴을 구성하는 아래쪽의 얼굴머리뼈(viscerocranium)로 구성되며 뇌머리뼈는 윗부분의 머리덮개뼈(calvaria)와 아래쪽의 머리뼈 바닥으로 구분된다. 머리의 구성뼈는 모두 28개이며, 그 중 머리뼈를 구성하고 있는 것은 22개이고, 한 개는 혀 밑에 있는 목뿔뼈이며, 나머지 여섯 개는 귓속에 있는 고실뼈이다. 머리뼈를 구성하는 뼈는 다음과 같다. 1. 머리뼈.① 뇌머리뼈:마루뼈, 관자뼈, 이마뼈, 벌집뼈, 나미뼈, 뒤통수뼈. ② 얼굴머리뼈:코뼈, 눈물뼈, 하비갑개, 입천장뼈, 광대뼈, 보습뼈, 위턱뼈, 아래턱뼈. 2. 혀의 뼈:목뿔뼈. 3. 고실뼈:망치뼈, 모루뼈, 등자뼈. 기능은 뇌를 간직하며 보호하는 역할을 하고 눈, 귀, 코, 입 등의 감각기관이 들어갈 공간을 마련해주며 몸속으로 출입하는 호흡기와 소화기의 입구가 있으며 일부 뼈에는 치아라는 구조물을 갖추고 있어 음식을 씹는 기능을 수행한다. 머리뼈에서는 입을 움직이는 턱관절을 제외하고는 뼈와 뼈사이가 관절운동을 할 수 없는 형태의 섬유상 관절로 되어 있다. 섬유상 관절에는 봉합, 못박이관절(gomphosis), 인대결합(syndesmosis)의 세 종류가 있다.  |
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| 영문 | injury | 한글 | 손상 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 1. 일반적으로 외부에서 힘으로 신체에 손상을 주는 장애를 가리킨다. 2. 물체가 깨지거나 상하는 것. |
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| BI | background interval; bacterial or bactericidal index; base-in [prism]; basilar impression; Billroth ... |
|---|---|
| 99mTc | radioactive Technetium(used in Brain Skull, Thyroid, Liver, Spleen, Bone & Lung scans) |
| SS | disulfide; sacrosciatic; saline soak; saline solution; saliva sample; saliva substitute; Salmonella-... |
| SXR | skull x-ray [examination] |
| AIS | Abbreviated Injury Scale; amniotic infection syndrome; androgen insensitivity syndrome; anterior int... |
| AIS | ABBREVIATED INJURY SCALE |
|---|---|
| AIS | Abbreviated Injury Score |
| ABI | Acquired Brain Injury |
| ALI | Acute Lung Injury |
| ASIA | American Spinal Injury Association |
| abbreviated injury scale | Classification system for assessing impact injury severity developed and published by the american association for automotive medicine. It is the system of choice for coding single injuries and is the foundation for methods assessing multiple injuries or for assessing cumulative effects of more than one injury. These include maximum ais (mais), injury severity score (iss), and probability of death score (pods). (12 Dec 1998) |
|---|---|
| axillary nerve injury | <neurology> A condition involving dysfunction of the axillary nerve which normally supplies the deltoid and teres minor muscles and sensation to the lateral aspect of the shoulder. This condition is a type of peripheral neuropathy that may manifest as the result of a variety of disease processes or injuries. Conditions associated with axillary nerve dysfunction include mononeuritis multiplex, fracture of the humerus, abduction injury to the shoulder, pressure to the armpit from a cast, splint or crutches. Symptoms include numbness over the outer portion of the shoulder, shoulder weakness and difficulty lifting arm or objects over your head. An EMG, nerve conduction study or muscle biopsy can be helpful in making the diagnosis. Recovery is generally spontaneous if the underlying cause can be corrected and shoulder mobility is preserved. Corticosteroid injections may be indicated in some instances. (02 Jan 1998) |
| blast injury | Tearing of lung tissue or rupture of abdominal viscera without external injury, as by the force of an explosion. (05 Mar 2000) |
| brain injury | Acute injuries to the brain, general or unspecified. (12 Dec 1998) |
| reperfusion injury | Functional, metabolic, or structural changes, including necrosis, in ischemic tissues thought to result from reperfusion to ischemic areas of the tissue. The most common instance is myocardial reperfusion injury. (12 Dec 1998) |
| closed head injury | A head injury in which continuity of the scalp and mucous membranes is maintained. (05 Mar 2000) |
| cold injury | Cold injuries include chilblains, trench foot, and frostbite. Cold injuries occur with and without freezing of body tissues. The young and the elderly are especially prone to cold injury. Alcohol increases the risk of cold injury which can lead to loss of body parts and even to death. It is important not to thaw an extremity if there is a risk of it re-freezing. (12 Dec 1998) |
| whiplash injury | Popular term for hyperextension-hyperflexion injury. (05 Mar 2000) |
| pneumatic tire injury | Separation of the skin and subcutaneous tissue from the underlying fascia, classically occurring when an extremity is crushed and rolled over by the tire of a vehicle but may be incurred through other mechanisms that produce shear forces; may occur particularly in cases of obesity. (05 Mar 2000) |
| contrecoup injury of brain | An injury occurring beneath the skull opposite to the area of impact. (05 Mar 2000) |
| myocardial reperfusion injury | Functional, metabolic, or structural changes in ischemic heart muscle thought to result from reperfusion to the ischemic areas. Changes can be fatal to muscle cells and may include oedema with explosive cell swelling and disintegration, sarcolemma disruption, fragmentation of mitochondria, contraction band necrosis, enzyme washout, and calcium overload. Other damage may include haemorrhage and ventricular arrhythmias. One possible mechanism of damage is thought to be oxygen free radicals. Treatment currently includes the introduction of scavengers of oxygen free radicals, and injury is thought to be prevented by warm blood cardioplegic infusion prior to reperfusion. (12 Dec 1998) |
| coup injury of brain | An injury occurring directly beneath the skull at the area of impact. (05 Mar 2000) |
| current of injury | The current set up when an injured part of a nerve, muscle, or other excitable tissue is connected through a conductor with the uninjured region; the injured tissue is negative to the uninjured. Synonym: demarcation current. (05 Mar 2000) |
| head injury | Refers to a group of head injuries ranging from minor to major. Examples include scalp contusion, scalp haematoma, concussion, brain contusion, skull fracture, epidural haematoma, intracerebral haemorrhage, subarachnoid haemorrhage and subdural haematoma. Features shared by all head injuries (serious and nonserious) include: dizziness, nausea, vomiting, giddiness, sleepiness and headache. More serious features include: protracted vomiting, lethargy, difficulty waking up, loss of consciousness, seizure, confusion, change in mentation or coma. (27 Sep 1997) |
| hyperextension-hyperflexion injury | Violence to the body causing the unsupported head to hyperextend and hyperflex the neck rapidly; does not imply any specific resultant trauma or pathology. (05 Mar 2000) |
제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
|---|
제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
|---|