| CR | calculation rate; calculus removed; calorie-restricted; cardiac rehabilitation; cardiac resuscitatio... |
|---|---|
| TOP | termination of pregnancy; topoisomerase |
| top | topical |
| AHI | active hostility index; Animal Health Institute; apnea-plus-hypopnea index |
| CONPA-DRI | III conpa-dri I plus intensified doxorubicin |
| BBTV | Banana bunchy top virus |
|---|---|
| BCTV | Beet curly top virus |
| TOP | termination of pregnancy |
| EPM | Elevated Plus-Maze |
| GEFS(+) | Generalized epilepsy with febrile seizures plus |
shading
| shade | 1. To shelter or screen by intercepting the rays of light; to keep off illumination from. "I went to crop the sylvan scenes, And shade our altars with their leafy greens." (Dryden) 2. To shelter; to cover from injury; to protect; to screen; to hide; as, to shade one's eyes. "Ere in our own house I do shade my head." (Shak) 3. To obscure; to dim the brightness of. "Thou shad'st The full blaze of thy beams." (Milton) 4. To pain in obscure colours; to darken. 5. To mark with gradations of light or colour. 6. To present a shadow or image of; to shadow forth; to represent. "[The goddess] in her person cunningly did shade That part of Justice which is Equity." (Spenser) Origin: Shaded; Shading. 1. Comparative obscurity owing to interception or interruption of the rays of light; partial darkness caused by the intervention of something between the space contemplated and the source of light. Shade differs from shadow as it implies no particular form or definite limit; whereas a shadow represents in form the object which intercepts the light. When we speak of the shade of a tree, we have no reference to its form; but when we speak of measuring a pyramid or other object by its shadow, we have reference to its form and extent. 2. Darkness; obscurity; often in the plural. "The shades of night were falling fast." (Longfellow) 3. An obscure place; a spot not exposed to light; hence, a secluded retreat. "Let us seek out some desolate shade, and there Weep our sad bosoms empty." (Shak) 4. That which intercepts, or shelters from, light or the direct rays of the sun; hence, also, that which protects from heat or currents of air; a screen; protection; shelter; cover; as, a lamp shade. "The Lord is thy shade upon thy right hand." (Ps. Cxxi. 5) "Sleep under a fresh tree's shade." (Shak) "Let the arched knife well sharpened now assail the spreading shades of vegetables." (J. Philips) 5. Shadow. "Envy will merit, as its shade, pursue." (Pope) 6. The soul after its separation from the body; so called because the ancients it to be perceptible to the sight, though not to the touch; a spirit; a ghost; as, the shades of departed heroes. "Swift as thought the flitting shade Thro' air his momentary journey made." (Dryden) 7. The darker portion of a picture; a less illuminated part. See Def. 1, above. 8. Degree or variation of colour, as darker or lighter, stronger or paler; as, a delicate shade of pink. "White, red, yellow, blue, with their several degrees, or shades and mixtures, as green only in by the eyes." (Locke) 9. A minute difference or variation, as of thought, belief, expression, etc.; also, the quality or degree of anything which is distinguished from others similar by slight differences; as, the shades of meaning in synonyms. "New shades and combinations of thought." (De Quincey) "Every shade of religious and political opinion has its own headquarters." (Macaulay) The Shades, the Nether World; the supposed abode of souls after leaving the body. Origin: OE. Shade, shadewe, schadewe, AS. Sceadu, scead; akin to OS. Skado, D. Schaduw, OHG. Scato, (gen. Scatewes), G. Schatten, Goth. Skadus, Ir. & Gael. Sgath, and probably to Gr. Darkness. Cf. Shadow, Shed a hat. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
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| plus | 1. <mathematics> More, required to be added; positive, as distinguished from negative; opposed to minus. 2. Hence, in a literary sense, additional; real; actual. "Success goes invariably with a certain plus or positive power." (Emerson) 3. <mathematics> Plus sign, the sign (+) which denotes addition, or a positive quantity. Origin: L, more; akin to Gr, and cf. Piu, Pleonasm. (11 Mar 1998) |
| plus lens | A converging lens. Synonym: plus lens. (05 Mar 2000) |
| plus strand | See: replicative form. (05 Mar 2000) |
| fluorescence plus Giemsa stain | <technique> A stain used to demonstrate sister chromatid exchange; cells are grown in 5-bromodeoxyuridine, followed by chromosome preparation, staining in Hoechst 33258, exposure to light, and staining in Giemsa; chromosomes exhibit a "harlequin" appearance. (05 Mar 2000) |
| top | 1. To cover on the top; to tip; to cap; chiefly used in the past participle. "Like moving mountains topped with snow." (Waller) "A mount Of alabaster, topped with golden spires." (Milton) 2. To rise above; to excel; to outgo; to surpass. "Topping all others in boasting." (Shak) "Edmund the base shall top the legitimate." (Shak) 3. To rise to the top of; to go over the top of. "But wind about till thou hast topped the hill." (Denham) 4. To take off the or upper part of; to crop. "Top your rose trees a little with your knife." (Evelyn) 5. To perform eminently, or better than before. "From endeavoring universally to top their parts, they will go universally beyond them." (Jeffrey) 6. To raise one end of, as a yard, so that that end becomes higher than the other. To top off, to complete by putting on, or finishing, the top or uppermost part of; as, to top off a stack of hay; hence, to complete; to finish; to adorn. 1. A child's toy, commonly in the form of a conoid or pear, made to spin on its point, usually by drawing off a string wound round its surface or stem, the motion being sometimes continued by means of a whip. 2. A plug, or conical block of wood, with longitudital grooves on its surface, in which the strands of the rope slide in the process of twisting. Origin: CF. OD. Dop, top, OHG, MNG, & dial. G. Topf; perhaps akin to G. Topf a pot. 1. The highest part of anything; the upper end, edge, or extremity; the upper side or surface; summit; apex; vertex; cover; lid; as, the top of a spire; the top of a house; the top of a mountain; the top of the ground. "The star that bids the shepherd fold, Now the top of heaven doth hold." (Milton) 2. The utmost degree; the acme; the summit. "The top of my ambition is to contribute to that work." (Pope) 3. The highest rank; the most honorable position; the utmost attainable place; as, to be at the top of one's class, or at the top of the school. "And wears upon hisbaby brow the round And top of sovereignty." (Shak) 4. The chief person; the most prominent one. "Other . . . Aspired to be the top of zealots." (Milton) 5. The crown of the head, or the hair upon it; the head. "From top to toe" "All the stored vengeance of Heaven fall On her ungrateful top !" (Shak) 6. The head, or upper part, of a plant. "The buds . . . Are called heads, or tops, as cabbageheads." (I. Watts) 7. A platform surrounding the head of the lower mast and projecting on all sudes. It serves to spead the topmast rigging, thus strengheningthe mast, and also furnishes a convenient standing place for the men aloft. 8. A bundle or ball of slivers of comkbed wool, from which the noils, or dust, have been taken out. 9. Eve; verge; point. "He was upon the top of his marriage with Magdaleine." 10. The part of a cut gem between the girdle, or circumference, and the table, or flat upper surface. Top is often used adjectively or as the first part of compound words, usually self-explaining; as, top stone, or topstone; top-boots, or top boots; top soil, or top-soil. Top and but, a phrase used to denote a method of working long tapering planks by bringing the but of one plank to the top of the other to make up a constant breadth in two layers. <zoology> Top minnow, a small viviparous fresh water fish (Gambusia patruelis) abundant in the Southern United States. Also applied to other similar species. Origin: AS. Top; akin to OFries. Top a tuft, D. Top top, OHG. Zopf end, tip, tuft of hair, G. Zopf tuft of hair, pigtail, top of a tree, Icel. Toppr a tuft of hair, crest, top, Dan. Top, Sw. Topp pinnacle, top; of uncertain origin. Cf. Tuft. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| top-shaped | <botany> Having the shape of a top; cone-shaped, with the apex downward; turbinate. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| top-shell | <zoology> Any one of numerous species of marine top_shaped shells of the genus Thochus, or family Trochidae. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| turban-top | <botany> A kind of fungus with an irregularly wrinkled, somewhat globular pileus (Helvella, or Gyromitra, esculenta). Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| flat top waves | Activity in the electroencephalogram having a pattern suggesting a flat top; these wave's are often found in temporal lobe discharges. (05 Mar 2000) |
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