| chloral hydrate | <chemical> A hypnotic and sedative used in the treatment of insomnia. The safety margin is too narrow for chloral hydrate to be used as a general anaesthetic in humans, but it is commonly used for that purpose in animal experiments. It is no longer considered useful as an anti-anxiety medication. Pharmacological action: sedatives, nonbarbiturate, anaesthetics, intravenous. Chemical name: 1,1-Ethanediol, 2,2,2-trichloro- (12 Dec 1998) |
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| bacterial capsules | An envelope of loose gel surrounding a bacterial cell which is associated with the virulence of pathogenic bacteria. Some capsules have a well-defined border, whereas others form a slime layer that trails off into the medium. most capsules consist of relatively simple polysaccharides but there are some bacteria whose capsules are made of polypeptides. (12 Dec 1998) |
| brood capsules | Small hollow projections from the lining membrane of a hydatid cyst from which the scoleces arise. (05 Mar 2000) |
| capsules | Hard or soft, soluble containers of a suitable substance, for enclosing a dose of medicine, usually for oral administration. (12 Dec 1998) |
| anhydrous chloral | CCl3-CHO; trichloroacetaldehyde;a thin oily liquid with a pungent odour, formed by the action of chlorine gas on alcohol. Synonym: anhydrous chloral. (05 Mar 2000) |
| m-chloral | A polymer of chloral obtained by prolonged contact with sulfuric acid; it has properties similar to those of chloral hydrate. Synonym: metachloral, p-chloral, trichloral. (05 Mar 2000) |
| p-chloral | A polymer of chloral obtained by prolonged contact with sulfuric acid; it has properties similar to those of chloral hydrate. Synonym: metachloral, p-chloral, trichloral. (05 Mar 2000) |
| chloral | CCl3-CHO; trichloroacetaldehyde;a thin oily liquid with a pungent odour, formed by the action of chlorine gas on alcohol. Synonym: anhydrous chloral. (05 Mar 2000) |
| chloral alcoholate | A complex of chloral and ethanol. Prepared by refluxing trichloroacetaldehyde (chloral) or chloral hydrate with alcohol. Alleged to be an active constituent of a "Mickey Finn." (05 Mar 2000) |
| chloral betaine | The adduct formed by chloral hydrate and betaine; it is slowly hydrolyzed in the alimentary tract to chloral hydrate; used as a hypnotic and sedative. (05 Mar 2000) |
| aluminum hydrate | <chemical> Hydrated aluminum. A compound with many biomedical applications: as a gastric antacid, an antiperspirant, in dentifrices, as an emulsifier, as an adjuvant in bacterins and vaccines, in water purification, etc. Pharmacological action: antacids, pharmaceutic aid. Chemical name: Aluminum hydroxide (Al(OH)3) (12 Dec 1998) |
| amyl hydrate | C5H11NO2;a vasodilator used in angina pectoris and cyanide poisoning. (05 Mar 2000) |
| benzoyl hydrate | C6H5COOH;occurs naturally in gum benzoin; it is used as a food preservative, locally as a fungistatic, and orally as an antiseptic, diuretic, and expectorant. It is excreted rapidly as hippuric acid. Synonym: benzoyl hydrate, flowers of benzoin. (05 Mar 2000) |
| caffeine hydrate | Monohydrate of caffeine, a central nervous system stimulant. (05 Mar 2000) |
| geranyl pyrophosphate-sabinene hydrate cyclase | <enzyme> Enzyme from sweet marjoram; catalyses cation-dependent cyclization of geranyl pyrophosphate to cis and trans sabinene hydrate, deriving oh from water, not from the pyrophosphate ester Registry number: EC 5.5.- Synonym: sabinene hydrate cyclase, sabinene hydrate synthase (26 Jun 1999) |