| biopsy, endometrial | <investigation, procedure, surgery> A procedure by which a sample is taken of the endometrial lining of the uterus. This may be performed with or without an anaesthetic. Risks include bleeding after the procedure. This test is usually performed in the evaluation of abnormal menses, heavy menstruation or post-menopausal bleeding. It may be part of an infertility evaluation. Endometrial biopsy can reveal uterine cancer, uterine fibroids, uterine polyps and adenomyosis. Often performed in those with endometriosis as part of the evaluation. (21 Mar 1998) |
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| sarcoma, endometrial stromal | A highly malignant neoplasm of the endometrium, arising from the endometrial stroma. It represents one type of stromal tumour, the other being endolymphatic stromal myosis. They are differentiated on the basis of the number of mitoses per 10 high power fields: endometrial stromal sarcoma has 10 or more mitoses, endolymphatic stromal myosis fewer. Stroma sarcoma is seen most often between the ages of 45 and 50. (devita jr et al., cancer: principles & practice of oncology, 3d ed, p1146) (12 Dec 1998) |
| endometrial | Relating to or composed of endometrium. (05 Mar 2000) |
| endometrial biopsy | <investigation, procedure, surgery> A procedure by which a sample is taken of the endometrial lining of the uterus. This may be performed with or without an anaesthetic. Risks include bleeding after the procedure. This test is usually performed in the evaluation of abnormal menses, heavy menstruation or post-menopausal bleeding. It may be part of an infertility evaluation. Endometrial biopsy can reveal uterine cancer, uterine fibroids, uterine polyps and adenomyosis. Often performed in those with endometriosis as part of the evaluation. (21 Mar 1998) |
| endometrial carcinoma | <oncology, tumour> A malignant cancer which arises from the cells which line the uterus. (27 Sep 1997) |
| endometrial cyst | A cyst resulting from endometrial implantation outside the uterus, as in endometriosis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| endometrial hyperplasia | <gynaecology, pathology> Thickening of the endometrial lining due to an overgrowth of mucosal cells. Symptoms often include irregular vaginal bleeding, heavy or prolonged menstrual cycles and post-menopausal bleeding in older women. Origin: Gr. Plassein = to form (07 Apr 1998) |
| endometrial implants | Fragments of endometrial mucosa implanted on pelvic structure following retrograde transference through the oviducts. (05 Mar 2000) |
| endometrial neoplasms | The most common invasive gynecologic malignancy in the united states, typically in postmenopausal women. The neoplasm originates on the endometrial mucosa and may be focal or diffuse. It may progress to invasion of the myometrium. The commonest histologic type is adenocarcinoma but adenoacanthoma, adenosquamous carcinoma, epidermoid carcinoma, and other histological types of cancer are possible. (12 Dec 1998) |
| endometrial polyp | <gynaecology> A benign growth on the lining of the uterus (endometrium) that are many times asymptomatic. When symptoms occur they will usually include light bleeding between periods, post-coital bleeding, abnormally heavy or prolonged menses, pelvic cramps and a foul-smelling vaginal discharge. (07 Apr 1998) |
| endometrial smear | A group of cytologic smear's containing material obtained directly from the endometrium by aspiration, lavage, or brushing of the uterine cavity. (05 Mar 2000) |
| endometrial stromal sarcoma | <tumour> A term sometimes used for a relatively rare sarcoma believed to be a form of endometriosis in which the lesions form multiple foci in the myometrium and in vascular spaces in other sites, and which consist of histologic and cytologic elements that resemble those of the endometrial stroma. Synonym: stromatosis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| American Cancer Society | <address, organisation> American Cancer Society, National Headquarters, 1599 Clifton Road, NE, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. Tel: 00 1 404 320-3333 (05 Feb 1998) |
| bladder cancer | The most common warning sign of bladder cancer is blood in the urine. The diagnosis of bladder cancer is supported by findings in the medical history and examination, blood, urine, and X-ray tests, and confirmed with a biopsy (usually during a cystoscope exam). Treatment of bladder cancer depends on the growth, size, and location of the tumour. (12 Dec 1998) |
| bladder cancer risks | Smoking is a major risk factor. Cigarette smokers develop bladder cancer 2-3 times more often than do nonsmokers. Quitting smoking reduces the risk of bladder cancer, lung cancer, several other types of cancer, and a number of other diseases as well. Workers in some occupations are at higher risk of developing bladder cancer because of exposure to carcinogens (cancer-causing substances) in the workplace. These workers include people in the rubber, chemical, and leather industries, as well as hairstylists, machinists, metal workers, printers, painters, textile workers, and truck drivers. (12 Dec 1998) |