| CPAP | <abbreviation> Continuous positive airway pressure. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|---|
| CPCRA | Community Programs for Clinical Research on AIDS. A branch of the NIH's Division of AIDS that supports clinical trials based on local networks of practicing physicians. These physicians collect data on their patients as they participate in a treatment trial. (09 Oct 1997) |
| CPEO | Acronym for chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia. (05 Mar 2000) |
| CpG island | <molecular biology> Region of genomic DNA rich in the dinucleotide C G. Methylation of the C in the dinucleotide is maintained through cell divisions and profoundly affects the degree of transcription of the nearby genes and is important in developmental regulation of gene expression. (18 Nov 1997) |
| cpg islands | Areas of increased density of the dinucleotide sequence guanine--phosphate diester--cytosine. They form stretches of DNA several hundred base pairs long and number about 30,000 islands in the mammalian genome. They are unmethylated and the site of frequent mutations. Many of the genes with which the islands are associated are housekeeping genes that are constitutively expressed. (12 Dec 1998) |
| cpg-rich island | <molecular biology> Areas of DNA which consist mostly of the base pair sequence CGCGCGCG. (alternating cytosine and guanine nucleotide bases) that are usually found upstream of many genes and are thought to help regulate gene expression. They are often methylated (have methyl groups attached to the DNA segments). (28 May 1998) |
| CPK | <enzyme> An enzyme that is contained in skeletal muscle, smooth muscle and cardiac muscle. Creatine phosphokinase is released into the bloodstream in increased quantities if muscle in injured. Creatine phosphokinase can be fractionated so that specific measurements can be made for blood levels of creatine phosphokinase that comes exclusively from damaged heart muscle. This makes it an important test for the laboratory diagnosis of heart attack. Acronym: CPK (28 May 1998) |
| cpm | <abbreviation> Counts per minute. (05 Mar 2000) |
| CPPB | <abbreviation> Continuous positive pressure breathing. (05 Mar 2000) |
| CPPD | <abbreviation> Calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease. (05 Mar 2000) |
| CPPV | <abbreviation> Continuous positive pressure ventilation. (05 Mar 2000) |
| CPR | <procedure> A life saving procedure that includes the timed external compression of the anterior chest wall (to stimulate blood flow) by pumping the heart, and alternating with mouth to mouth breathing to provide oxygen. Usually administered by one rescuer as 15 chest compressions to every 2 mouth-to-mouth breaths. In the case of an early heart attack, death can often be avoided if a bystander starts CPR promptly (within 5 minutes of the onset of ventricular fibrillation). When paramedics arrive, medications and/or electrical shock (cardioversion) to the heart can be administered to convert ventricular fibrillation to a normal heart rhythm. Therefore, prompt CPR and rapid paramedic respronse can improve the survival chances from a heart attack. Acronym: CPR (20 Jun 2000) |
| cps | <abbreviation> Cycles per second. (05 Mar 2000) |