| capsaicin | <chemical> Trans-8-methyl-n-vanillyl-6-nonenamide. Cytotoxic alkaloid from various species of capsicum (pepper, paprika), of the solanaceae; causes pain, irritation and inflammation;, due to substance p depletion from sensory (afferent) nerve fibres; used mainly to study the physiology of pain and in the form of capsicum as a counterirritant and gastrointestinal stimulant. Chemical name: 6-Nonenamide, N-((4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)methyl)-8-methyl-, (E)- (12 Dec 1998) |
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| capsanthin-capsorubin synthase | <enzyme> Catalyses the conversion of antheraxanthin and violaxanthin to capsanthin and capsorubin, respectively; isolated from capsicum annuum; genbank x77289 Registry number: EC 1.- Synonym: ccs gene product (26 Jun 1999) |
| capsicin | A yellowish red oleoresin containing the active principle of capsicum. (05 Mar 2000) |
| capsicum | A genus of solanaceous shrubs that yield capsaicin. Several varieties have sweet or pungent edible fruits that are used as vegetables when fresh and spices when the pods are dried. (12 Dec 1998) |
| capsid | A protein coat that covers the nucleoprotein core or nucleic acid of a virion. Commonly shows icosahedral symmetry and may itself be enclosed in an envelope (as in the Togaviridae). The capsid is built up of subunits (some integer multiple of 60, the number required to give strict icosahedral symmetry) that self assemble in a pattern typical of a particular virus. The subunits are often packed, in smaller capsids, into 5 or 6 membered rings (pentamers or hexamers) that constitute the morphological unit (capsomere). The packing of subunits is not perfectly symmetrical in most cases and some units may have strained interactions and are said to have quasi equivalence of bonding to adjacent units. (18 Nov 1997) |
| capsomere | A protein coat that covers the nucleoprotein core or nucleic acid of a virion. Commonly shows icosahedral symmetry and may itself be enclosed in an envelope (as in the Togaviridae). The capsid is built up of subunits (some integer multiple of 60, the number required to give strict icosahedral symmetry) that self assemble in a pattern typical of a particular virus. The subunits are often packed, in smaller capsids, into 5 or 6 membered rings (pentamers or hexamers) that constitute the morphological unit (capsomere). The packing of subunits is not perfectly symmetrical in most cases and some units may have strained interactions and are said to have quasi equivalence of bonding to adjacent units. (18 Nov 1997) |
| capsula | 1. A membranous structure, usually dense collagenous connective tissue, that envelops an organ, a joint, or any other part. 2. An anatomical structure resembling a capsule or envelope. Synonym: capsule. Origin: L. Dim. Of capsa, a chest or box (05 Mar 2000) |
| capsula adiposa renis | The perirenal fat. Synonym: capsula adiposa renis, adipose capsule. (05 Mar 2000) |
| capsula articularis | A sac enclosing a joint, formed by an outer fibrous articular capsule and an inner synovial membrane. Synonym: capsula articularis, joint capsule. (05 Mar 2000) |
| capsula articularis cricoarytenoidea | The capsule enclosing the joint between the arytenoid and cricoid cartilages. Synonym: capsula articularis cricoarytenoidea. (05 Mar 2000) |
| capsula articularis cricothyroidea | The capsule enclosing the cricothyroid joint. Synonym: capsula articularis cricothyroidea. (05 Mar 2000) |
| capsula bulbi | A condensation of connective tissue on the outer aspect of the sclera from which it is separated by a narrow cleftlike episcleral space; the sheath is attached to the sclera near the sclerocorneal junction and blends with the fascia of the extraocular muscles. Synonym: vagina bulbi, capsula bulbi, eye capsule, fascia bulbi, sheath of eyeball, Tenon's capsule, vagina oculi. (05 Mar 2000) |
| capsula cordis | <anatomy> A double membranous sac which envelops and protects the heart. The layer in contact with the heart is referred to as the visceral layer, the outer layer in contact with surrounding organs is the parietal pericardium. In between the two layers is the pericardial space. (27 Sep 1997) |
| capsula externa | A thin lamina of white substance separating the claustrum from the putamen. It joins the internal capsule at either extremity of the putamen, forming a capsule of white matter external to the lenticular nucleus. Synonym: capsula externa, periclaustral lamina. (05 Mar 2000) |
| capsula extrema | The layer of white matter separating the claustrum from the cortex of the insula, probably representing largely corticopetal and corticofugal fibres of the insular cortex. Synonym: capsula extrema. (05 Mar 2000) |
| RNA caps | Compounds with the general structure 7-methyl-5'-guanosine triphosphate-5'-x which modify the 5' end of eukaryotic cellular and viral messenger RNA and some heterogeneous nuclear rnas. These compounds, which are positively charged, protect the above specified rnas at their termini against attack by phosphatases and other nucleases and promote mRNA function at the level of initiation of translation. Analogs of the RNA caps (RNA cap analogs), which lack the positive charge, inhibit the initiation of protein synthesis. (12 Dec 1998) |
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| dental caps | <veterinary> Deciduous cheek teeth in the horse which remain attached to erupting permanent teeth. (05 Mar 2000) |