| Bunyaviridae |
the bunyaviruses: a family of RNA viruses having a spherical or oval virion 80–120 nm in diameter consisting of a lipid bilayer envelope, with glycoprotein surface projections 5–10 nm long and 10–12 nm across in hexagonal arrangement, surrounding three loosely helical nucleocapsids. The genome consists of three molecules of circular negative-sense or ambisense single-stranded RNA, designated L, M, and S (total MW 4.8–8×106, size of total genome 11–20 kb). Viruses contain four major structural polypeptides, including a transcriptase, and are sensitive to lipid solvents and detergents. Replication occurs in the cytoplasm and assembly is by budding through the smooth membrane of the Golgi apparatus. Host ranges vary; transmission is generally by arthropod vectors, although transmission by aerosols and avian vectors sometimes occurs. Genera include Bunyavirus, Hantavirus, Nairovirus, Phlebovirus, and Tospovirus.
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