| biotin | <biochemistry> A prosthetic group for carboxylase enzymes. Important in fatty acid biosynthesis and catabolism and has found widespread use as a covalent label for macromolecules which may then be detected by high affinity binding of labelled avidin or streptavidin. Essential growth factor for many cells. (18 Nov 1997) |
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| biotin carboxylase | <enzyme> A subunit of acetyl-CoA carboxylase Registry number: EC 6.3.4.14 (26 Jun 1999) |
| biotin sulfoxide reductase | <enzyme> Biotin sulfoxide + protein(sh)2 yields biotin + protein-s2 + h20 Registry number: EC 1.- (26 Jun 1999) |
| biotin synthetase | <enzyme> Converts dethiobiotin to biotin Registry number: EC 2.8.1.- Synonym: biotin synthase, bio2 protein, bio2 gene product (26 Jun 1999) |
| biotinidase | <enzyme> Deficiency may lead to late onset multiple carboxylase deficiency (organic acidemias); exhibits biocytin hydrolase and biotinyl-transferase activities Registry number: EC 3.5.1.12 Synonym: biocytin hydrolase, biotidinase (26 Jun 1999) |
| biotinides | Compounds of biotin; e.g., biocytin. (05 Mar 2000) |
| biotinylation | A technique whereby biotinyl groups are incorporated into molecules, either that catalyzed by holocarboxylase synthetase during enzyme biosynthesis or that undertaken in vitro to visualise specific substrates by incubating them with biotin-labelled probes and avidin or streptavidin that has been linked to any of a variety of substances amenable to biochemical assay. Biotinylated dutp is an alternative method to radioactive DNA labelling in vitro. (12 Dec 1998) |
| biotinyllysine | <protein> The amino acid residue formed when biotin links covalently via anamide linkage to a Lys residue. (09 Oct 1997) |
| avidin-biotin immunofluorescence | Holds promise for more sensitive and specific amplification of indirect fluorescent antibody procedures. Antibody to the patient's specific antibodies is labelled with biotin, a compound capable of specifically binding avidin in high concentrations. Fluorescent labelled avidin is then added and fluorescent microscopy is used to detect the presence of the complexes. (05 Mar 2000) |
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