| PhD | Philosophy Doctor |
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| PhD | Doctor of Pharmacy [Lat. Pharmaciae Doctor]; Doctor of Philosophy [Lat. Philosophiae Doctor] |
| publishing | "the business or profession of the commercial production and issuance of literature". It includes the publisher, publication processes, editing and editors. Production may be by conventional printing methods or by electronic publishing. (12 Dec 1998) |
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| philosophy | Origin: OE. Philosophie, F. Philosophie, L. Philosophia, from Gr. See Philosopher. 1. Literally, the love of, including the search after, wisdom; in actual usage, the knowledge of phenomena as explained by, and resolved into, causes and reasons, powers and laws. When applied to any particular department of knowledge, philosophy denotes the general laws or principles under which all the subordinate phenomena or facts relating to that subject are comprehended. Thus philosophy, when applied to God and the divine government, is called theology; when applied to material objects, it is called physics; when it treats of man, it is called anthropology and psychology, with which are connected logic and ethics; when it treats of the necessary conceptions and relations by which philosophy is possible, it is called metaphysics. "Philosophy has been defined: tionscience of things divine and human, and the causes in which they are contained; the science of effects by their causes; the science of sufficient reasons; the science of things possible, inasmuch as they are possible; the science of things evidently deduced from first principles; the science of truths sensible and abstract; the application of reason to its legitimate objects; the science of the relations of all knowledge to the necessary ends of human reason; the science of the original form of the ego, or mental self; the science of science; the science of the absolute; the scienceof the absolute indifference of the ideal and real." 2. A particular philosophical system or theory; the hypothesis by which particular phenomena are explained. "[Books] of Aristotle and his philosophie." (Chaucer) "We shall in vain interpret their words by the notions of our philosophy and the doctrines in our school." (Locke) 3. Practical wisdom; calmness of temper and judgment; equanimity; fortitude; stoicism; as, to meet misfortune with philosophy. "Then had he spent all his philosophy." (Chaucer) 4. Reasoning; argumentation. "Of good and evil much they argued then, . . . Vain wisdom all, and false philosophy." (Milton) 5. The course of sciences read in the schools. 6. A treatise on philosophy. Philosophy of the Academy, that of Plato, who taught his disciples in a grove in Athens called the Academy. Philosophy of the Garden, that of Epicurus, who taught in a garden in Athens. Philosophy of the Lyceum, that of Aristotle, the founder of the Peripatetic school, who delivered his lectures in the Lyceum at Athens. Philosophy of the Porch, that of Zeno and the Stoics; so called because Zeno of Citium and his successors taught in the porch of the Poicile, a great hall in Athens. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| physico-philosophy | The philosophy of nature. Origin: Physico- + philosophy. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| ancient | 1. Old; that happened or existed in former times, usually at a great distance of time; belonging to times long past; specifically applied to the times before the fall of the Roman empire; opposed to modern; as, ancient authors, literature, history; ancient days. "Witness those ancient empires of the earth." (Milton) "Gildas Albanius . . . Much ancienter than his namesake surnamed the Wise." (Fuller) 2. Old; that has been of long duration; of long standing; of great age; as, an ancient forest; an ancient castle. "Our ancient bickerings." "Remove not the ancient landmarks, which thy fathers have set." (Prov. Xxii. 28) "An ancient man, strangely habited, asked for quarters." (Scott) 3. Known for a long time, or from early times; opposed to recent or new; as, the ancient continent. "A friend, perhaps, or an ancient acquaintance." (Barrow) 4. Dignified, like an aged man; magisterial; venerable. "He wrought but some few hours of the day, and then would he seem very grave and ancient." (Holland) 5. Experienced; versed. "Though [he] was the youngest brother, yet he was the most ancient in the business of the realm." (Berners) 6. Former; sometime. "They mourned their ancient leader lost." (Pope) Ancient demesne, windows and other openings which have been enjoined without molestation for more than twenty years. In England, and in some of the United States, they acquire a prescriptive right. Synonym: Old, primitive, pristine, antique, antiquated, old-fashioned, obsolete. Ancient, Antiquated, Obsolete, Antique, Antic, Old. Ancient is opposed to modern, and has antiquity; as, an ancient family, ancient landmarks, ancient institutions, systems of thought, etc. Antiquated describes that which has gone out of use or fashion; as, antiquated furniture, antiquated laws, rules, etc. Obsolete is commonly used, instead of antiquated, in reference to language, customs, etc.; as, an obsolete word or phrase, an obsolete expression. Antique is applied, in present usage, either to that which has come down from the ancients; as, an antique cameo, bust, etc.; or to that which is made to imitate some ancient work of art; as, an antique temple. In the days of Shakespeare, antique was often used for ancient; as, "an antique song," "an antique Roman;" and hence, from singularity often attached to what is ancient, it was used in the sense of grotesque; as, "an oak whose antique root peeps out; " and hence came our present word antic, denoting grotesque or ridiculous. We usually apply both ancient and old to things subject to gradual decay. We say, an old man, an ancient record; but never, the old stars, an old river or mountain. In general, however, ancient is opposed to modern, and old to new, fresh, or recent. When we speak of a thing that existed formerly, which has ceased to exist, we commonly use ancient; as, ancient republics, ancient heroes; and not old republics, old heroes. But when the thing which began or existed in former times is still in existence, we use either ancient or old; as, ancient statues or paintings, or old statues or paintings; ancient authors, or old authors, meaning books. Origin: OE. Auncien, F. Ancien, LL. Antianus, fr. L. Ante before. See Ante-, pref. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| ancient lands | Geographical sites known to be extant in a remote period in the history of civilization, familiar as the names of ancient countries and empires. (12 Dec 1998) |
| history of medicine, ancient | The period of the history of medicine before 500 a.d. (12 Dec 1998) |
| garland | 1. The crown of a king. 2. A wreath of chaplet made of branches, flowers, or feathers, and sometimes of precious stones, to be worn on the head like a crown; a coronal; a wreath. 3. The top; the thing most prized. 4. A book of extracts in prose or poetry; an anthology. "They [ballads] began to be collected into little miscellanies under the name of garlands." (Percy) 5. A sort of netted bag used by sailors to keep provision in. A grommet or ring of rope lashed to a spar for convenience in handling. Origin: OE. Garland, gerlond, OF. Garlande, F. Guirlande; of uncertain origin; cf. OHG. Wiara, wiera, crown, pure gold, MHG. Wieren to adorn. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| Garland, Hugh | <person> British neurologist. See: Marinesco-Garland syndrome. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Garland, M | <person> U.S. Physician, 1848-1926. See: Garland's triangle. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Garland's triangle | A triangular area of relative resonance in the lower back near the spine, found in the same side as a pleural effusion. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Marinesco-Garland syndrome | <syndrome> A rare neurologic disorder characterised by cerebellolental degeneration with mental retardation; autosomal recessive inheritance. Synonym: cataract-oligophrenia syndrome, Marinesco-Sjogren syndrome, Torsten Sjogren's syndrome. (05 Mar 2000) |
제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
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제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
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