| 영문 | alcohol | 한글 | 알코올 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 대개 에탄올(ethanol, ethyl alcohol)을 지칭하는 말이다. 물과 같이 맑은 색이지만 특이한 냄새가 있고 끓는 점이 낮은 액체이다. 농도가 높은 것은 의료용 또는 소독제로 쓰이고 낮은 농도로 된 것은 음료(술)로도 이용된다. |
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| 영문 | ethyl alcohol | 한글 | 에틸알코올 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 지방족 포화알코올의 하나. 각종 알코올 음료 속에 함유되어 있어 주정이라고도 하고, 또 에탄올이라고도 한다. 보통 알코올이라고 하면 이 에틸알코올을 가리킨다. 술의 성분으로서 예전부터 알려져 있었으나, 술이 취하는 원인이 에탄올에 있다는 것을 안 것은 15세기 이후의 일이다. 조성은 처음에 라부아지에나 N.T. 소슈르 등에 의해 측정되고, 게이뤼삭이나 J.B. 뒤마 등에 의해서 확정되었다. 알코올이라는 이름은 원래 눈썹에 칠하는 흑색 안료顔料를 가리키는 아라비아어였는데. 이것의 미소분말을 만드는데 승화법을 사용한 데서 술을 증류하여 가연성 엑스를 만드는 것으로 전화轉化하고, 이것이 다시 증류물을 가리키는 말이 되었다. 알코올이라는 말이 에탄올을 가리키게 되고, 다시 알코올 전반을 가리키게 된 것은 19세기 이후의 일이다. 에탄올을 복용하면 대뇌의 제어기능이 억제되어 흥분상태가 되고, 이어서 중추신경이 억제된다. 무색투명한 휘발성 액체. 특유한 냄새와 맛을 가지며, 인체에 흡수되면 흥분이나 마취 작용을 일으킨다. 화학약품의 합성 원료, 용제, 연료, 알코올성 음료 따위로 쓴다. 알코올은 간세포에 존재하는 알코올탈수소효소(alcohol dehydrogenase)가 대사한다. 급성 중독 증상은 혈중 알코올 농도와 비례한다. 혈중 알코올 농도가 높아질수록 중추신경계는 억제되어 혈중 농도가 3.5~4.5mg/mL이면 혼수에 빠져 사망할 수도 있다. |
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| 영문 | fetal alcohol syndrome | 한글 | 태아알코올증후군 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 임신기간 중 만성적으로 알코올을 섭취한 여자에게서 태어난 영아에게 나타나는 형태발생의 이상을 나타내는 증후군으로서 위턱뼈발육부전, 앞머리와 아래턱의 돌출, 짧은검열, 작은안구증, 눈구석주름, 심한 성장지연, 정신지체 등을 나타낸다. |
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| AUDIT | alcohol use disorders identification test |
|---|---|
| AUI | Alcohol Use Inventory |
| AA/AD | alcohol abuse/alcohol dependence |
| CSPINE | corticosteroid use, seropositive RA, peripheral joint destruction, involvement of cervical nerves, n... |
| DUE | drug use evaluation |
| AUD | Alcohol Use Disorder |
|---|---|
| AUDIT | Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test |
| AUI | Alcohol Use Inventory |
| D.U.E. | Drug Use Evaluation |
| DUR | Drug Use Review |
| compassionate use | <pharmacology> Refers to situations where a drug is provided to a patient on humanitarian grounds prior to the drug's receiving regulatory approval. (05 Jan 1998) |
|---|---|
| conditional use permit | A permit, with conditions, allowing an approved use on a site outside the appropriate zoning class. (05 Dec 1998) |
| consumptive wildlife use | Activities that involve harvest of wildlife, such as hunting and fishing. (09 Oct 1997) |
| off-label use | In the United States, the regulations of the Food and drug administration (FDA) permit physicians to prescribe approved medications for other than their intended indications. This practice is known as off-label use. (12 Dec 1998) |
| tobacco use disorder | Tobacco used to the detriment of a person's health or social functioning. Tobacco dependence is included. (12 Dec 1998) |
| use | 1. The act of employing anything, or of applying it to one's service; the state of being so employed or applied; application; employment; conversion to some purpose; as, the use of a pen in writing; his machines are in general use. "Books can never teach the use of books." (Bacon) "This Davy serves you for good uses." (Shak) "When he framed All things to man's delightful use." (Milton) 2. Occasion or need to employ; necessity; as, to have no further use for a book. 3. Yielding of service; advantage derived; capability of being used; usefulness; utility. "God made two great lights, great for their use To man." (Milton) "'T is use alone that sanctifies expense." (Pope) 4. Continued or repeated practice; customary employment; usage; custom; manner; habit. "Let later age that noble use envy." (Spenser) "How weary, stale, flat and unprofitable, Seem to me all the uses of this world!" (Shak) 5. Common occurrence; ordinary experience. "O Caesar! these things are beyond all use." (Shak) 6. The special form of ritual adopted for use in any diocese; as, the Sarum, or Canterbury, use; the Hereford use; the York use; the Roman use; etc. "From henceforth all the whole realm shall have but one use." (Pref. To Book of Common Prayer) 7. The premium paid for the possession and employment of borrowed money; interest; usury. "Thou art more obliged to pay duty and tribute, use and principal, to him." (Jer. Taylor) 8. [In this sense probably a corruption of OF. Oes, fr. L. Opus need, business, employment, work. Cf. Operate. The benefit or profit of lands and tenements. Use imports a trust and confidence reposed in a man for the holding of lands. He to whose use or benefit the trust is intended shall enjoy the profits. An estate is granted and limited to A for the use of B. 9. A stab of iron welded to the side of a forging, as a shaft, near the end, and afterward drawn down, by hammering, so as to lengthen the forging. Contingent, or Springing, use, the stat. 27 Henry VIII, cap. 10, which transfers uses into possession, or which unites the use and possession. To make use of, To put to use, to employ; to derive service from; to use. Origin: OE. Us use, usage, L. Usus, from uti, p. P. Usus, to use. See Use. 1. To make use of; to convert to one's service; to avail one's self of; to employ; to put a purpose; as, to use a plow; to use a chair; to use time; to use flour for food; to use water for irrigation. "Launcelot Gobbo, use your legs." (Shak) "Some other means I have which may be used." (Milton) 2. To behave toward; to act with regard to; to treat; as, to use a beast cruelly. "I will use him well." "How wouldst thou use me now?" (Milton) "Cato has used me ill." (Addison) 3. To practice customarily; to make a practice of; as, to use diligence in business. "Use hospitality one to another." (1 Pet. Iv. 9) 4. To accustom; to habituate; to render familiar by practice; to inure; employed chiefly in the passive participle; as, men used to cold and hunger; soldiers used to hardships and danger. "I am so used in the fire to blow." (Chaucer) "Thou with thy compeers, Used to the yoke, draw'st his triumphant wheels." (Milton) To use one's self, to behave. "Pray, forgive me, if I have used myself unmannerly." . To use up. To consume or exhaust by using; to leave nothing of; as, to use up the supplies. To exhaust; to tire out; to leave no capacity of force or use in; to overthrow; as, he was used up by fatigue. Synonym: Employ. Use, Employ. We use a thing, or make use of it, when we derive from it some enjoyment or service. We employ it when we turn that service into a particular channel. We use words to express our general meaning; we employ certain technical terms in reference to a given subject. To make use of, implies passivity in the thing; as, to make use of a pen; and hence there is often a material difference between the two words when applied to persons. To speak of "making use of another" generally implies a degrading idea, as if we had used him as a tool; while employ has no such sense. A confidential friend is employed to negotiate; an inferior agent is made use of on an intrigue. "I would, my son, that thou wouldst use the power Which thy discretion gives thee, to control And manage all." (Cowper) "To study nature will thy time employ: Knowledge and innocence are perfect joy." (Dryden) Origin: OE. Usen, F. User to use, use up, wear out, LL. Usare to use, from L. Uti, p. P. Usus, to use, OL. Oeti, oesus; of uncertain origin. Cf. Utility. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| land use board of appeals | (LUBA) A seven-member board appointed to adjudicate land use disputes in Oregon. (05 Dec 1998) |
| absolute alcohol | Water having been removed. Synonym: anhydrous alcohol. (05 Mar 2000) |
| acyclic monoterpene primary alcohol - NADP oxidoreductase | <enzyme> From catmint nepeta racemosa; involved in the biosynthesis of iridoid monoterpenes; oxidises geraniol, nerol, and their 10-hydroxy derivatives in the presence of nadp(+). Registry number: EC 1.1.1.- Synonym: monoterpene primary alcohol - nadp oxidoreductase, ampano (26 Jun 1999) |
| alcohol | <chemical> An organic chemical containing one or more hydroxyl groups. Alcohols can be liquids, semisolids or solids at room temperature. Common alcohols include ethanol (the type found in alcoholic beverages) methanol (found in methylated spirit and can cause blindness and other nervous system damage if ingested) and propanol. (06 May 1997) |
| alcohol acid | A group of compounds that contain both the carboxyl and hydroxy radicals; e.g., glycolic acid. (05 Mar 2000) |
| alcohol addiction | <disease> A disorder characterised by pathological pattern of alcohol use that causes a serious impairment in social or occupational functioning. In DSN III R this is termed alcohol abuse or, if tolerance or withdrawal is present, alcohol dependence. (18 Nov 1997) |
| alcohol amnestic disorder | <psychiatry> A mental disorder with brain damage characterised by amnesia, compensatory confabulation, disturbance of attention, and peripheral neuritis. It is usually associated with alcoholism and dietary deficiencies. (12 Dec 1998) |
| alcohol amnestic syndrome | <syndrome> An amnestic syndrome resulting from alcoholism; alcoholic "blackouts." Cf.: Korsakoff's syndrome. (05 Mar 2000) |
| alcohol dehydrogenase | <enzyme> An enzyme that catalyses reversibly the final step of alcoholic fermentation by reducing an aldehyde to an alcohol. In the case of ethanol, acetaldehyde is reduced to ethanol in the presence of NADH and hydrogen. The enzyme is a zinc protein which acts on primary and secondary alcohols or hemiacetals. Chemical name: Alcohol:NAD+ oxidoreductase Registry number: EC 1.1.1.1 (12 Dec 1998) |
제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
|---|
제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
|---|