| advance | 1. The act of advancing or moving forward or upward; progress. 2. Improvement or progression, physically, mentally, morally, or socially; as, an advance in health, knowledge, or religion; an advance in rank or office. 3. An addition to the price; rise in price or value; as, an advance on the prime cost of goods. 4. The first step towards the attainment of a result; approach made to gain favor, to form an acquaintance, to adjust a difference, etc.; an overture; a tender; an offer; usually in the plural. "[He] made the like advances to the dissenters." (Swift) 5. A furnishing of something before an equivalent is received (as money or goods), towards a capital or stock, or on loan; payment beforehand; the money or goods thus furnished; money or value supplied beforehand. "I shall, with pleasure, make the necessary advances." (Jay) "The account was made up with intent to show what advances had been made." (Kent) In advance In front; before. Beforehand; before an equivalent is received. In the state of having advanced money on account; as, A is advance to B a thousand dollars or pounds. Origin: Cf. F. Avance, fr. Avancer. See Advance, v. 1. To bring forward; to move towards the van or front; to make to go on. 2. To raise; to elevate. "They . . . Advanced their eyelids." (Shak) 3. To raise to a higher rank; to promote. "Ahasueres . . . Advanced him, and set his seat above all the princes." (Esther III. 1) 4. To accelerate the growth or progress; to further; to forward; to help on; to aid; to heighten; as, to advance the ripening of fruit; to advance one's interests. 5. To bring to view or notice; to offer or propose; to show; as, to advance an argument. "Some ne'er advance a judgment of their own." (Pope) 6. To make earlier, as an event or date; to hasten. 7. To furnish, as money or other value, before it becomes due, or in aid of an enterprise; to supply beforehand; as, a merchant advances money on a contract or on goods consigned to him. 8. To raise to a higher point; to enhance; to raise in rate; as, to advance the price of goods. 9. To extol; to laud. "Greatly advancing his gay chivalry." (Spenser) Synonym: To raise, elevate, exalt, aggrandize, improve, heighten, accelerate, allege, adduce, assign. Origin: OE. Avancen, avauncen, F. Avancer, fr. A supposed LL. Abantiare; ab + ante (F. Avant) before. The spelling with d was a mistake, a- being supposed to be fr. L. Ad. See Avaunt. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
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| advance directives | Advance directives preserve the person's right to accept or reject a course of medical treatment even after that person becomes mentally or physically incapacitated to the point of being unable to communicate those wishes. There ared two basic types of advance directives: (1) a living will, in which the person outlines specific treatment guidelines that are to be followed by health care providers; (2) a health care proxy (also called a power of attorney for healthcare decision making) in which the person designates a trusted individual to make medical decisions in the event that he or she becomes too incapacitated to make such decisions. Advance directive requirements vary greatly from one jurisdiction to another and should therefore be drawn up in consultation with an attorney who is familiar with the laws of the particular jurisdiction. (This entry is based upon material from the National MS Society). (12 Mar 2000) |
| advance medical directives | Advance directives preserve the person's right to accept or reject a course of medical treatment even after that person becomes mentally or physically incapacitated to the point of being unable to communicate those wishes. There ared two basic types of advance directives: (1) a living will, in which the person outlines specific treatment guidelines that are to be followed by health care providers; (2) a health care proxy (also called a power of attorney for healthcare decision making) in which the person designates a trusted individual to make medical decisions in the event that he or she becomes too incapacitated to make such decisions. Advance directive requirements vary greatly from one jurisdiction to another and should therefore be drawn up in consultation with an attorney who is familiar with the laws of the particular jurisdiction. (This entry is based upon material from the National MS Society). (12 Mar 2000) |
| medical directives, advance | Advance directives preserve the person's right to accept or reject a course of medical treatment even after that person becomes mentally or physically incapacitated to the point of being unable to communicate those wishes. There ared two basic types of advance directives: (1) a living will, in which the person outlines specific treatment guidelines that are to be followed by health care providers; (2) a health care proxy (also called a power of attorney for health-care decision-making) in which the person designates a trusted individual to make medical decisions in the event that he or she becomes too incapacitated to make such decisions. Advance directive requirements vary greatly from one jurisdiction to another and should therefore be drawn up in consultation with an attorney who is familiar with the laws of the particular jurisdiction. (this entry is based upon material from the national ms society). (12 Dec 1998) |
| directives, advance medical | Advance directives preserve the person's right to accept or reject a course of medical treatment even after that person becomes mentally or physically incapacitated to the point of being unable to communicate those wishes. There ared two basic types of advance directives: (1) a living will, in which the person outlines specific treatment guidelines that are to be followed by health care providers; (2) a health care proxy (also called a power of attorney for health-care decision-making) in which the person designates a trusted individual to make medical decisions in the event that he or she becomes too incapacitated to make such decisions. Advance directive requirements vary greatly from one jurisdiction to another and should therefore be drawn up in consultation with an attorney who is familiar with the laws of the particular jurisdiction. (This entry is based upon material from the National MS Society). (12 Dec 1998) |
| blood glucose | The main sugar that the body makes from the three elements of food--proteins, fats, and carbohydrates--but mostly from carbohydrates. Glucose is the major source of energy for living cells and is carried to each cell through the bloodstream. However, the cells cannot use glucose without the help of insulin. (09 Oct 1997) |
| blood glucose meter | A machine that helps test how much glucose (sugar) is in the blood. A specially coated strip containing a fresh sample of blood is inserted in a machine, when then calculates the correct level of glucose in the blood sample and shows the result in a digital display. Some meters have a memory that can store results from multiple tests. (09 Oct 1997) |
| blood glucose monitoring | A way of testing how much glucose (sugar) is in the blood. A drop of blood, usually taken from the fingertip, is placed on the end of a specially coated strip, called a testing strip. The strip has a chemical on it that makes it change colour according to how much glucose is in the blood. A person can tell if the level of glucose is low, high, or normal in one of two ways. The first is by comparing the colour on the end of the strip to a colour chart that is printed on the side of the test strip container. The second is by inserting the strip into a small machine, called a meter, which reads the strip and shows the level of blood glucose in a digital window display. Blood testing is more accurate than urine testing in monitoring blood glucose levels because it shows what the current level of glucose is, rather than what the level was an hour or so previously. (09 Oct 1997) |
| blood glucose self-monitoring | Self evaluation of whole blood glucose levels outside the clinical laboratory. A digital or battery-operated reflectance meter may be used. It has wide application in controlling unstable insulin-dependent diabetes. (12 Dec 1998) |
| fasting blood glucose | <endocrinology, investigation> A method for finding out how much glucose (sugar) is in the blood. The test can show if a person has diabetes. A blood sample is taken in a lab or doctor's office. The test is usually done in the morning before the person has eaten. The normal, nondiabetic range for blood glucose is from 70 to 110 mg/dl, depending on the type of blood being tested. If the level is over 140 mg/dl, it usually means the person has diabetes (except for newborns and some pregnant women). (09 Oct 1997) |
| activated glucose | A nucleoside diphosphoglucose such as UDP glucose. (05 Mar 2000) |
| adenosine diphosphate glucose | <chemical> Serves as the glycosyl donor for formation of bacterial glycogen, amylose in green algae, and amylopectin in higher plants. Chemical name: Adenosine 5'-(trihydrogen diphosphate), P'-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl ester (12 Dec 1998) |
| Benedict's test for glucose | <biochemistry> A copper-reduction test for glucose in the urine, which involves thiocyanate in addition to copper sulfate for qualitative or quantitative use. (14 Aug 2000) |
| CDP-4-keto-6-deoxy-D-glucose-3-dehydrase | <enzyme> A pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate (pmp) dependent enzyme which catalyses the deoxygenation step in 3,6-dideoxyhexose synthesis, in which the c-3 hydroxyl group of the cdp-4-keto-6-deoxy-d-hexose intermediate is replaced by a hydrogen atom; isolated from yersinia pseudotuberculosis Registry number: EC 4.2.1.- Synonym: ckdg dehydrase, cytidine diphosphate-4-keto-6-deoxy-d-glucose-3-dehydrase, cdp-6-deoxy-l-threo-d-glycero-4-hexulose 3-dehydrase (26 Jun 1999) |
| CDP-glucose oxidoreductase | <enzyme> From yersinia pseudotuberculosis; nad+-dependent; forms cdp-4-keto-6-deoxy-d-glucose Registry number: EC 1.1.1.- (26 Jun 1999) |