| aroclors | <chemical> Industrial chemicals which have become widespread environmental pollutants. Each aroclor is a mixture of chlorinated biphenyls (1200 series) or chlorinated terphenyls (5400 series) or a combination of both (4400 series). Pharmacological action: environmental pollutants. (12 Dec 1998) |
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| arogenate dehydrogenase | <enzyme> Decarboxylates arogenate to tyrosine; requires nad or nadp; in pseudomonas aeruginosa; a single enzyme has both prephenate dehydrogenase and arogenate dehydrogenase activity Registry number: EC 1.- Synonym: cyclohexadienyl dehydrogenase (26 Jun 1999) |
| aroideous | <botany> Belonging to, or resembling, the Arum family of plants. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| aroma | 1. <botany> The quality or principle of plants or other substances which constitutes their fragrance; agreeable odour; as, the aroma of coffee. 2. The fine diffusive quality of intellectual power; flavor; as, the subtile aroma of genius. Origin: L. Aroma, Gr., cf. OE. Aromaz, aromat, spice, F. Aromate. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| aromatase | <enzyme> An enzyme which converts androgens to oestrogens by desaturating ring a of the steroid. This enzyme complex is located in the endoplasmic reticulum of oestrogen-producing cells including ovaries, placenta, testicular sertoli and leydig cells, adipose, and brain tissues. The enzyme complex has two components, one of which is the cyp19 gene product, the aromatase cytochrome p-450. The other component is NADPH-cytochrome p-450 reductase which transfers reducing equivalents to p-450(arom). Registry number: EC 1.14.13.- (12 Dec 1998) |
| aromatase inhibitor | Drugs, such as aminoglutethimide, that inhibit aromatase, an enzyme used in the synthesis of oestrogens. (05 Mar 2000) |
| aromatherapy | The use of fragrances and essences from plants to affect or alter a person's mood or behaviour and to facilitate physical, mental, and emotional well-being. The chemicals comprising essential oils in plants has a host of therapeutic properties and has been used historically in africa, asia, and india. Its greatest application is in the field of alternative medicine. (12 Dec 1998) |
| aromatic | Having a spicy odour. Origin: L. Aromaticus, Gr. Aromatikos (13 Nov 1997) |
| aromatic amine acetyltransferase | <enzyme> Marker for colourectal cancer Registry number: EC 2.3.1.- (26 Jun 1999) |
| aromatic amine dehydrogenase | <enzyme> Oxidatively deaminates aromatic amines to aldehydes; phenazine methosulfate acts as electron acceptor Registry number: EC 1.5.99.- (26 Jun 1999) |
| aromatic ammonia spirit | A hydroalcoholic solution containing approximately 2% ammonia and 4% ammonium carbonate and the aromatics: lemon oil, lavender oil, and myristica oil. Used mainly by inhalation to produce reflex stimulation in persons who have fainted or are at risk of syncope. Synonym: sal volatile, smelling salts. (05 Mar 2000) |
| aromatic castor oil | Contains cinnamon oil 3, clove oil 1, vanillin 1, saccharin 0.5, alcohol 30, in castor oil to make 1000; a cathartic. (05 Mar 2000) |
| aromatic compound | Any compound in which the constituent atoms, or any part of them, form a ring. Used mainly in organic chemistry where: 1) numerous compound's contain rings of carbon atoms (carbocyclic compound's) or carbon atoms plus one or more atoms of other types (heterocyclic compound's), usually nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur; 2) where the atoms in the ring are all of the same element (homocyclic or isocyclic compound); 3) where the ring is saturated or contains nonconjugated double bonds (alicyclic compound), the compound is similar in properties to the corresponding acyclic compound (e.g., cyclohexane resembles hexane); 4) where the ring contains conjugated double bonds in a closed loop in which there are 4n + 2 (where n is an integer) delocalised π electrons (Huckel's rule) (aromatic compound; e.g., benzene, pyridine), it is more stable than the corresponding saturated ring and exhibits unusual chemical properties characteristic of itself and not of other types of rings or of acyclic compound's. These aromatic compounds have the ability to sustain an induced ring current. Synonym: closed chain compound, ring compound. (05 Mar 2000) |
| aromatic d-amino-acid decarboxylase | <enzyme> An enzyme that catalyses the decarboxylation of l-dopa to dopamine, of l-tryptophan to tryptamine, and of l-hydroxytryptophan to serotonin; important in the biosynthetic pathway of catecholamines and melanin. Synonym: dopa decarboxylase, hydroxytryptophan decarboxylase, tryptophan decarboxylase. (05 Mar 2000) |
| aromatic NADH-dependent nitroreductase | <enzyme> See also record for 1-nitroreductase; type I nitroreductase is not inhibited by oxygen Registry number: EC 1.- Synonym: nitrofuran reductase, nitrofurazone reductase, type I nitroreductases, NADH-dependent nitro reductase, nitrofurantoin reductase, p-dinitrobenzene reductase, benznidazole nitroreductase, nifurtimox nitroreductase, oxygen-insensitive NADPH nitroreductase, nitrobenzene nitroreductase (26 Jun 1999) |