| AMP | <abbreviation> Adenosine monophosphate; specifically, the 5'-monophosphate unless modified by a numerical prefix. See: adenylic acid. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| AMP deaminase | <enzyme> An enzyme that catalyses the deamination of AMP to imp. Chemical name: AMP aminohydrolase Registry number: EC 3.5.4.6 (12 Dec 1998) |
| AMP-activated protein kinase kinase | <enzyme> An endogenous kinase kinase; reactivates the inactive form of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMP-pk); phosphorylates the 63-kD subunit of AMP-pk Registry number: EC 2.7.1.- Synonym: AMP-pk reactivator, hmg CoA reductase kinase kinase (26 Jun 1999) |
| AMPA receptor | <cell biology> Glutamate operated ion channel. See: excitatory amino acid receptor channels. (05 Feb 1998) |
| ampelite | <chemical> An earth abounding in pyrites, used by the ancients to kill insects, etc, on vines; applied by Brongniart to a carbonaceous alum schist. Origin: L. Ampelitis, Gr, fr. Vine. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| amperage | Strength of electric current. See: ampere. (05 Mar 2000) |
| ampere | <physics, unit> The standard unit for measuring the strength of an electric current representing the flow of one coulomb of electricity per second. 1 kiloampere = 1000 amperes, 1 megampere = 1,000,000 amperes. Abbreviation: A (13 Nov 1997) |
| Ampere's law | <physics> General equation in electromagnetism relating the magnetic field and the currents generating it. The various forms of the equation can be found in an introductory electromagnetism text. (09 Oct 1997) |
| Ampere's postulate | Equal volumes of gases contain equal numbers of molecules, the conditions of pressure and temperature being the same. Synonym: Ampere's postulate, Avogadro's hypothesis, Avogadro's postulate. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Ampere, Andre-Marie | <person, radiobiology> French physicist responsible for much of what is known about the fundamentals of electromagnetism. (13 Nov 1997) |
| amperometer | <physics> An instrument for measuring the strength of an electrical current in amperes. Origin: Ampere + meter. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| amperometric | <chemistry> Refers to any type of chemical analysis that involves using electrical currents. (05 Feb 1998) |
| amperometry | Determination of any analyte concentration by measurement of the current generated in a suitable chemical reaction. (05 Mar 2000) |
| ampheclexis | Reciprocal sexual selection, i.e., by both male and female. Origin: G. Amphi, two-sided, + eklexis, selection (05 Mar 2000) |
| amphetamine | <drug> Drug of abuse that acts by increasing extraneuronal dopamine in midbrain. Thought to displace dopamine in synaptic vesicles, leading to increased synaptic levels. (18 Nov 1997) |
| receptors, cyclic AMP | Cell surface proteins that bind cyclic AMP with high affinity and trigger intracellular changes which influence the behaviour of cells. The best characterised cyclic AMP receptors are those of the slime mold dictyostelium discoideum. The transcription regulator cyclic AMP receptor protein of prokaryotes is not included nor are the eukaryotic cytoplasmic cyclic AMP receptor proteins which are the regulatory subunits of cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinases. (12 Dec 1998) |
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| polyphosphate AMP phosphotransferase | <enzyme> From acinetobacter; catalyses (polyphosphate)n and AMP to (polyphosphate)n-1 and ADP Registry number: EC 2.7.4.- Synonym: pamp phosphotransferase (26 Jun 1999) |
| cyclic AMP | <molecular biology> 3'5' cyclic ester of AMP. The first second messenger hormone signalling system to be characterised. Generated from ATP by the action of adenyl cyclase that is coupled to hormone receptors by G-proteins (GTP-binding proteins). CAMP activates a specific (cAMP dependent) protein kinase and is inactivated by phosphodiesterase action giving 5'AMP. Also functions as an extracellular morphogen for some slime moulds. (18 Nov 1997) |
| cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase | Enzymes which attach phosphate groups to the serine or tyrosine amino acids on proteins as a means of regulating the proteins' activity in metabolic reactions. (09 Oct 1997) |
| cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinases | <enzyme> A group of enzymes that are dependent on cyclic AMP and catalyze the phosphorylation of serine or threonine residues on proteins. Registry number: EC 2.7.10.- (12 Dec 1998) |
| cyclic AMP receptor protein | A transcriptional regulator in prokaryotes which, when activated by binding cyclic AMP, acts at several promoters. Cyclic AMP receptor protein was originally identified as a catabolite gene activator protein. It was subsequently shown to regulate several functions unrelated to catabolism, and to be both a negative and a positive regulator of transcription. Cell surface cyclic AMP receptors are not included (cyclic AMP receptors), nor are the eukaryotic cytoplasmic cyclic AMP receptor proteins, which are the regulatory subunits of cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinases. (12 Dec 1998) |
| dibutyryl cyclic AMP | An analogue of cyclic AMP that shares some of the pharmacological effects of this nucleotide, but is generally believed to enter cells more readily on account of its greater hydrophobicity. (18 Nov 1997) |
| DNA-binding protein, cyclic AMP-responsive | A protein that has been shown to function as a calcium regulated transcription factor as well as a substrate for depolarisation-activated calcium calmodulin-dependent protein kinases I and II. This protein functions to integrate both calcium and camp signals. (12 Dec 1998) |
| 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate-AMP ligase | <enzyme> Catalyses the conversion of 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate and ATP to form (2,3-dihydroxybenzoyl)adenylate, this acyladenylate remains bound to the enzyme for further reactions in the overall biosynthesis of enterobactin Registry number: EC 6.5.- Synonym: 2,3dhb-AMP ligase, ente gene product (26 Jun 1999) |
| 3',5'-cyclic AMP synthetase | <enzyme> Enzyme responsible for the ATP. (06 May 1997) |
| 3-hydroxypicolinic acid-AMP ligase | <enzyme> From cell extracts of streptomyces pristinaespiralis; activates the first pristinamycin 1 residue 3-hydroxypicolinic acid; shows 58% nh2-terminal amino acid sequence identity with s. Griseoviridus 3-hpa-activating enzyme; amino acid sequence given in first source (page 709) Registry number: EC 6.3.2.- Synonym: pi synthetase 1, snba protein, pristinamycin I synthetase 1,3-hpa-AMP ligase (26 Jun 1999) |
| L-phenylglycine-AMP ligase | <enzyme> Catalyses l-phenylglycine-dependent ATP-pyrophosphate exchange; partial amino acid sequence given in first source Registry number: EC 6.3.2.- Synonym: pristinamycin I synthetase 4, pi synthetase 4, snbe protein (26 Jun 1999) |