| 영문 | death | 한글 | 사망, 죽음, 사 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 1. 생명활동이 정지되어 다시 원상태로 돌아오지 않는 생물의 상태. 삶의 종말을 말한다. 예를 들어 아메바 등의 단세포 생물에서는 2개체로 분열될 때가 죽음이라고 말할 수 있을지 모르나 다세포 생물에 있어서는 세포분열은 단순한 성장의 한 과정이다. 생물은 생식세포를 매개로 생명을 영원히 존속시키는 것이라고 볼 수 있다. 인간을 포함한 고등동물에 한정한다고 하면 죽음이란 그 개체를 구성하는 모든 조직 세포의 생활기능의 정지라고 말할 수 있다. 따라서, 국부적인 한 부분의 생활기능의 정지만으로는 죽음이라고 할 수 없다. 2. 사람이 죽음. 사람의 죽음은 네 개의 측면이 있다. 즉 ① 육체적 죽음(biological death), ② 심리적 죽음(psychological death), ③ 사회적 죽음(social death), ④ 문화적 죽음(culture death)으로 생각할 수 있다. 인간의 일생은 단지 생명의 연장 뿐 아니라 질적 측면에서 심리적, 사회적, 문화적인 충실함이 필요하다. 근년에 의료기술의 눈부신 발달에 따라서 더욱 생활의 질이 중요시되고 있다. 일반적으로 육체적인 죽음의 정의는 모든 생체기능의 영구적 정지. 즉 ① 전체뇌기능, ② 호흡계의 자발기능, ③ 순환계의 자발기능, 이 모든 것의 비가역적으로 정지되었음을 말한다. |
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| 영문 | brain death | 한글 | 뇌사 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 뇌기능이 완전히 정지되어 회복 불능한 상태. 뇌의 기능에는 대뇌반구의 기능 이외에 뇌간의 기능도 포함된다. 뇌사는 인간의 죽음과 같은 뜻이 아니고, 보통은 뇌사 다음에 죽음이 온다. 심장이식 수술에는 가능한 한 신선한 심장이 필요하기 때문에 심장 제공자의 죽음을 뇌사로 규정하려는 움직임이 있었다. 1968년 8월 세계의사회 총회에서 채택된 장기이식에 관한 선언(시드니 선언)에서는 ① 심장 제공자의 죽음의 판정은 뇌파측정상의 뇌파의 정지(뇌사)로 결정해야 한다. ② 제공자의 죽음을 확인하는데 두명이상의 의사가 입회해야 하며, 뇌사의 결정에 참여한 의사는 이식수술에 관여해서는 안 된다고 했다. 그러나 뇌파측정만으로는 뇌줄기의 기능정지를 판정할 수 없고, 뇌사의 판정도 질병의 종류나 진도에 따라 기준이 달라지므로 판정기준의 검토가 필요하다. 뇌종양-뇌외상-혈행장애 등 뇌질환의 증례에서 보면 ① 깊은 혼수, ② 양쪽 동공의 확대 및 동공의 빛반사와 각막반사의 소실, ③ 호흡의 정지, ④ 뇌파의 평탄화, ⑤ 혈압의 급격한 저하와 그에 따른 저혈압 등 다섯 가지 조건이 6시간 후에도 동일한 상태에 있는 것 등 여섯가지 조건이 판정 기준이 되었었다. 현재는 가장 강력한 동통자극에 대해서도 전혀 아무런 감수성과 반응성을 나타내지 않는 24시간에 걸친 혼수로서, 자발운동 또는 자발호흡이 없고 유발반사가 소실되고 뇌의 전기활동이 없어지는 회복불가능한 의식소실이라고 정의하고 있다. |
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| 영문 | sudden infant death syndrome | 한글 | 영아급사증후군 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 한 살 이하의 건강한 아기가 아무런 조짐이나 원인 없이 갑자기 사망했을 경우에 내리는 진단이다. 이 증후군은 생후 1~4개월 사이에 가장 많이 발생하며, 대부분 밤 10시에서 오전 10시 사이에 발생한다. 조산하거나 부모가 흡연자일 경우, 20세 이하 산모의 초산, 임신전 건강관리에 소홀한 산모에게서 태어난 영아에게서 많이 발생한다. 이 증후군으로 사망한 영아의 형제일 경우 일반적인 영아보다 걸릴 확률이 높은 것으로 알려져 있다. |
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| SIDS | Sudden Infant Death Syndrome; 영아 돌연사 증후군 = Crib Death |
|---|---|
| BD | barbital-dependent; barbiturate dependence; base deficit; base of prism down; basophilic degeneratio... |
| ND | Doctor of Naturopathy; nasal deformity; natural death; Naval Dispensary; neonatal death; neoplastic ... |
| SID | single intradermal [test]; Society for Investigative Dermatology; sucrase-isomaltase deficiency; sud... |
| CDR | Crude Death Rate; 보통사망률 |
| AICD | Activation induced cell death |
|---|---|
| BD | Brain Death |
| D | Death |
| DED | death effector domain |
| DD | Death domains |
| death | 1. The cessation of all vital phenomena without capability of resuscitation, either in animals or plants. Local death is going on at times and in all parts of the living body, in which individual cells and elements are being cast off and replaced by new; a process essential to life. General death is of two kinds; death of the body as a whole (somatic or systemic death), and death of the tissues. By the former is implied the absolute cessation of the functions of the brain, the circulatory and the respiratory organs; by the latter the entire disappearance of the vital actions of the ultimate structural constituents of the body. When death takes place, the body as a whole dies first, the death of the tissues sometimes not occurring until after a considerable interval. Death is much used adjectively and as the first part of a compound, meaning, in general, of or pertaining to death, causing or presaging death; as, deathbed or death bed; deathblow or death blow, etc. Black death. Civil death, the separation of a man from civil society, or the debarring him from the enjoyment of civil rights, as by banishment, attainder, abjuration of the realm, entering a monastery, etc. Death adder. <zoology> A kind of viper found in South Africa (Acanthophis tortor); so called from the virulence of its venom. A venomous Australian snake of the family Elapidae, of several species, as the Hoplocephalus superbus and Acanthopis antarctica. Death applies to the termination of every form of existence, both animal and vegetable; the other words only to the human race. Decease is the term used in law for the removal of a human being out of life in the ordinary course of nature. Demise was formerly confined to decease of princes, but is now sometimes used of distinguished men in general; as, the demise of Mr. Pitt. Departure and release are peculiarly terms of Christian affection and hope. A violent death is not usually called a decease. Departure implies a friendly taking leave of life. Release implies a deliverance from a life of suffering or sorrow. Origin: OE. Deth, dea, AS. Dea; akin to OS. D, D. Dood, G. Tod, Icel. Daui, Sw. & Dan. Dod, Goth. Daupus; from a verb meaning to die. See Die, and cf. Dead. (04 Mar 1998) |
|---|---|
| death certificate | Official, legal document and vital record, signed by a licensed physician or other designated authority, that includes cause of death, decedent's name, sex, place of residence, date of death; other information, e.g., birth date, birth place, occupation may be included; the immediate cause of death is recorded on the first line of the certificate, followed by the condition(s) giving rise to this, with the underlying cause on the last line; the underlying cause is coded and tabulated in official publications of mortality. (05 Mar 2000) |
| death certificates | Official records of individual deaths including the cause of death certified by a physician, and any other required identifying information. (12 Dec 1998) |
| death instinct | The instinct of all living creatures toward self-destruction, death, or a return to the inorganic lifelessness from which they arose. Synonym: aggressive instinct. (05 Mar 2000) |
| death phase | <cell culture> The final growth phase in a culture, during which nutrients have been depleted and cell number decreases. (09 Oct 1997) |
| death rate | The number of deaths in the population divided by the average population (or the population at midyear) is the crude death rate. In 1994, for example, the crude death rate per 1,000 population was 8.8 in the United States, 7.1 in Australia, etc. A death rate can also be tabulated according to age or cause. (12 Dec 1998) |
| death trance | A condition of suspended animation, marked by unconsciousness and barely perceptible respiration and heart action. (05 Mar 2000) |
| death's-head | A naked human skull as the emblem of death; the head of the conventional personification of death. "I had rather be married to a death's-head with a bone in his mouth. <zoology> " (Shak) Death's-head moth, a very large European moth (Acherontia atropos), so called from a figure resembling a human skull on the back of the thorax. Synonym: death's-head sphinx. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| death, black | The black plague or the plague. In 14th century Europe, the victims of the black plague had bleeding below the skin (subcutaneous haemorrhage) which made darkened ( blackened ) their bodies. The black death swept recurrently through Europe, killing half its population in the middle of the 14th century. (12 Dec 1998) |
| death, sudden | The sudden cessation of all vital bodily functions. Legally and medically, this includes the permanent cessation of total cerebral function, spontaneous function of the respiratory system, and spontaneous function of the circulatory system. (12 Dec 1998) |
| death, sudden, cardiac | The sudden cessation of cardiac contraction, leading to death of the heart and, ultimately, of the individual, resulting from ventricular tachycardia-fibrillation or asystole. (12 Dec 1998) |
| death-rattle | A respiratory gurgling or rattling in the throat of a dying person, caused by the loss of the cough reflex and accumulation of mucus. (05 Mar 2000) |
| deathbird | <zoology> Tengmalm's or Richardson's owl (Nyctale Tengmalmi); so called from a superstition of the North American Indians that its note presages death. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| deathful | 1. Full of death or slaughter; murderous; destructive; bloody. "These eyes behold The deathful scene." (Pope) 2. Liable to undergo death; mortal. "The deathless gods and deathful earth." (Chapman) Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| deathwatch | 1. <zoology> A small beetle (Anobium tessellatum and other allied species). By forcibly striking its head against woodwork it makes a ticking sound, which is a call of the sexes to each other, but has been imagined by superstitious people to presage death. A small wingless insect, of the family Psocidae, which makes a similar but fainter sound; called also deathtick. "She is always seeing apparitions and hearing deathwatches." (Addison) "I did not hear the dog howl, mother, or the deathwatch beat." (Tennyson) 2. The guard set over a criminal before his execution. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| attitude to death | Conceptual response of the individual to the various aspects of death, which are based on his psychosocial and cultural experience. (12 Dec 1998) |
|---|---|
| Black Death | <disease, organism> Yersinina pestis is a gram-negative, rod-shaped, faculatively anaerobic bacterial species in the family Enterobacteriaceae. It causes bubonic plaque, which is transmitted by rodent fleas. Historically known as the Black Plague, this disease devastated Europe and Asia in the 1300s. It still exists today and is characterised by sudden high fever, chills, excessively swollen and tender lymph nodes (buboes), followed by tissue bleeding and gangrene. Other complications include pneumonia and septicaemia. (12 Nov 1997) |
| brain death | Total cessation of brain function for 24 hours as manifested by absence of spontaneous movement, absence of spontaneous respiration, and absence of all brainstem reflexes. (12 Dec 1998) |
| rate, death | The number of deaths in the population divided by the average population (or the population at midyear) is the crude death rate. In 1994, for example, the crude death rate per 1,000 population was 8.8 in the united states, 7.1 in Australia, etc. A death rate can also be tabulated according to age or cause. (12 Dec 1998) |
| genetic death | Death of the bearer of a gene at any age before generating living offspring. May be compatible with good health and long life. See: genetic lethal. (05 Mar 2000) |
| maternal death | Death of a woman while pregnant or within 42 days after the termination of gestation, irrespective of the duration and site of pregnancy and the cause of death; two periods are recognised in the 42-day interval: period 1 includes day 1 to day 7; period 2 includes day 8 to day 42. Maternal death's are further classified as: (05 Mar 2000) |
| maternal death rate | The number of maternal deaths that occur as the direct result of the reproductive process per 100,000 live births. See: rate. See: maternal death. (05 Mar 2000) |
| cause of death | Factors which produce cessation of all vital bodily functions. They can be analyzed from an epidemiologic viewpoint. (12 Dec 1998) |
| cell death | <cell biology> Cells die (nonaccidentally) either when they have completed a fixed number of division cycles (around 60, the Hayflick limit) or at some earlier stage when programmed to do so, as in digit separation in vertebrate limb morphogenesis. Whether this is due to an accumulation of errors or a programmed limit is unclear, some transformed cells have undoubtedly escaped the limit. See: apoptosis. (26 Mar 1998) |
| cerebral death | A clinical syndrome characterised by the permanent loss of cerebral and brain stem function, manifested by absence of responsiveness to external stimuli, absence of cephalic reflexes, and apnea. An isoelectric electroencephalogram for at least 30 minutes in the absence of hypothermia and poisoning by central nervous system depressants supports the diagnosis. Synonym: brain death. (05 Mar 2000) |
| perinatal death | An inclusive term referring to both stillborn infants and neonatal death's. (05 Mar 2000) |
| mitotic death | <cell biology> Cells fatally damaged by ionising radiation may not die until the next mitosis, at which point the radiation damage to the DNA becomes evident, particularly when there is fragmentation of chromosomes. (18 Nov 1997) |
| cot death | <syndrome> May affect infants of any age, but some risk factors have been identified: term infants who have had a life-threatening period of apnoea (not breathing), premature infants of low birth weight, siblings of infants who have succumbed to sudden infant death syndrome and infants of substance abusing mothers. Peak age is at 2.5 months and 4 months, but can range from 1 month to 1 year. High risk infants should have home monitoring done. It is recommended that the less than 4 month old infant should sleep on their back. Synonym: cot death syndrome. Incidence: 2 per 1,000 live births. Acronym: SIDS (27 Sep 1997) |
| crib death | <syndrome> May affect infants of any age, but some risk factors have been identified: term infants who have had a life-threatening period of apnoea (not breathing), premature infants of low birth weight, siblings of infants who have succumbed to sudden infant death syndrome and infants of substance abusing mothers. Peak age is at 2.5 months and 4 months, but can range from 1 month to 1 year. High risk infants should have home monitoring done. It is recommended that the less than 4 month old infant should sleep on their back. Synonym: cot death syndrome. Incidence: 2 per 1,000 live births. Acronym: SIDS (27 Sep 1997) |
| crude death rate | <epidemiology> The number of deaths in a year divided by the population size. (05 Dec 1998) |
Synonyms : Cardiac Death, Determination of Death, Death, Cardiac
Synonyms : Death Records, Certificate, Death, Certificates, Death, Death Certificate, Death Record, Record, Death, Records, Death
Synonyms : DED Signaling Adaptor Proteins, DISC (Death Inducing Signaling Complex), Death Effector Domain Signaling Adaptor Proteins, Death Inducing Signaling Complex Proteins, Fas-DISC Components, fas Death-Inducing Signaling Complex Components, Fas DISC Components
Synonyms : Sudden Death
Synonyms : Cardiac Arrest, Sudden, Sudden Cardiac Arrest, Arrest, Sudden Cardiac, Cardiac Arrests, Sudden, Cardiac Death, Sudden, Death, Cardiac Sudden, Death, Sudden Cardiac, Sudden Death, Cardiac
| death |
the event of dying or departure from life; "her death came as a terrible shock"; "upon your decease the capital will pass to your grandchildren" the permanent end of all life functions in an organism or part of an organism; "the animal died a painful death" the time at which life ends; continuing until dead; "she stayed until his death"; "a struggle to the last" the personification of death; "Death walked the streets of the plague-bound city" the absence of life or state of being dead; "he seemed more content in death than he had ever been in life" the time when something ends; "it was the death of all his plans"; "a dying of old hopes" the act of killing; "he had two deaths on his conscience" end: a final state; "he came to a bad end"; "the so-called glorious experiment came to an inglorious end"
출처: wordnet.princeton.edu/perl/webwn
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| death instinct |
(psychoanalysis) an unconscious urge to die
출처: wordnet.princeton.edu/perl/webwn
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| death mask |
a cast taken from the face of a dead person
출처: wordnet.princeton.edu/perl/webwn
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| death adder |
venomous Australian snake resembling an adder
출처: wordnet.princeton.edu/perl/webwn
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| death rate |
deathrate: the ratio of deaths in an area to the population of that area; expressed per 1000 per year
출처: wordnet.princeton.edu/perl/webwn
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| death | the act of killing |
|---|---|
| death | the event of dying or departure from life |
| death | the permanent end of all life functions in an organism or part of an organism |
| death | the absence of life or state of being dead |
| death | a final state |
| death | the time at which life ends |
| death | the time when something ends |
| death | the personification of death |
| death | venomous Australian snake resembling an adder |
| death | extremely poisonous usually white fungus with a prominent cup-shaped base |
| death | a bell rung to announce a death |
| death | insurance or pension money payable to a beneficiary of a deceased |
제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
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제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
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